"Workpiece" refers to any object or structure that is receiving one or more actions in relation to one or more stages of a procedure or operation. For example, when drilling a hole in a plate, the plate is the workpiece because the plate receives the drilling action. When machining an end of a pipe to form threads, the pipe and/or pipe end are the workpiece. … more "Workpiece" refers to any object or structure that is receiving one or more actions in relation to one or more stages of a procedure or operation. For example, when drilling a hole in a plate, the plate is the workpiece because the plate receives the drilling action. When machining an end of a pipe to form threads, the pipe and/or pipe end are the workpiece.

"Cutting tool" refers to a structure, object, apparatus, or device configured to form, shape, or cut into a second object by cutting into, abrading, wearing, or otherwise removing material from the second object. A cutting tool can refer to a manual or power tool for cutting or resecting the second object. The cutting function may be accomplished by moving either the cutting tool, or a blade, or one or more teeth of the cutting tool in contact with the second object while holding the second object stationary. Alternatively, the cutting tool or blades or teeth of the cutting tool may be held stationary while the second object is moved in contact with the cutting tool. In certain embodiments, both the cutting tool and the second object may be moved while in contact with each other. The movements used may be lateral or rotary. The cutting tool or a chuck connected to the cutting tool may rotate relative to the second object or the second object may rotate relative to the cutting tool. Examples, of cutting tools include, but are not limited to, a drill bit, a saw blade, a milling tool, a lathe cutting tool, or the like. … more "Cutting tool" refers to a structure, object, apparatus, or device configured to form, shape, or cut into a second object by cutting into, abrading, wearing, or otherwise removing material from the second object. A cutting tool can refer to a manual or power tool for cutting or resecting the second object. The cutting function may be accomplished by moving either the cutting tool, or a blade, or one or more teeth of the cutting tool in contact with the second object while holding the second object stationary. Alternatively, the cutting tool or blades or teeth of the cutting tool may be held stationary while the second object is moved in contact with the cutting tool. In certain embodiments, both the cutting tool and the second object may be moved while in contact with each other. The movements used may be lateral or rotary. The cutting tool or a chuck connected to the cutting tool may rotate relative to the second object or the second object may rotate relative to the cutting tool. Examples, of cutting tools include, but are not limited to, a drill bit, a saw blade, a milling tool, a lathe cutting tool, or the like.

"Center point" refers to a geometric center of a structure, object, part, component, sub-assembly, or apparatus. Where the structure is a circle or sphere, the center point is the middle point of the structure, a point equidistant from every point on the circumference or surface. (Search "define center" on google.com. Oxford Languages, 2022. Modified. Accessed 11 Oct. 2022.) In certain structures, the center point and/or a mass center point may be the same point. … more "Center point" refers to a geometric center of a structure, object, part, component, sub-assembly, or apparatus. Where the structure is a circle or sphere, the center point is the middle point of the structure, a point equidistant from every point on the circumference or surface. (Search "define center" on google.com. Oxford Languages, 2022. Modified. Accessed 11 Oct. 2022.) In certain structures, the center point and/or a mass center point may be the same point.

"housing" refers to a structure that serves to connect, interconnect, surround, enclose, and/or protect one or more other structural components. A housing may be made from a variety of materials including, but not limited to, metal, plastic, ceramic, wood, fiberglass, acrylic, carbon, or the like. Often a housing is made from plastic due to its lower expense, strength, and durability. A housing may also be formed of any materials, including but not limited to metals such as Aluminum, Steel, Carbon Fiber, Titanium, Titanium alloys, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-chromium steel alloys, nickel-titanium alloys, shape memory alloys and/or others. A housing may include a frame or framework or function within a larger system, component, structure, or device. … more "housing" refers to a structure that serves to connect, interconnect, surround, enclose, and/or protect one or more other structural components. A housing may be made from a variety of materials including, but not limited to, metal, plastic, ceramic, wood, fiberglass, acrylic, carbon, or the like. Often a housing is made from plastic due to its lower expense, strength, and durability. A housing may also be formed of any materials, including but not limited to metals such as Aluminum, Steel, Carbon Fiber, Titanium, Titanium alloys, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-chromium steel alloys, nickel-titanium alloys, shape memory alloys and/or others. A housing may include a frame or framework or function within a larger system, component, structure, or device.

"Stage" refers to a portion, part, or segment of an operation. Steps performed in one stage may be required before steps in a subsequent stage in order to accomplish a goal of an operation that includes multiple stages. Often an operation will include two or more stages. … more "Stage" refers to a portion, part, or segment of an operation. Steps performed in one stage may be required before steps in a subsequent stage in order to accomplish a goal of an operation that includes multiple stages. Often an operation will include two or more stages.

"Elbow pipe" refers to a length of pipe having a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to a length of pipe that traverses an angle of less than 180 degrees measured in relation to a longitudinal axis of the first end, the lenght of pipe ending at the second end. In some embodiments, an elbow pipe is a fitting or adapter that connects one or more straight lengths of pipe. … more "Elbow pipe" refers to a length of pipe having a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to a length of pipe that traverses an angle of less than 180 degrees measured in relation to a longitudinal axis of the first end, the lenght of pipe ending at the second end. In some embodiments, an elbow pipe is a fitting or adapter that connects one or more straight lengths of pipe.

"Control signal" refers to an electrical signal (wired or wireless) designed, engineered, and/or provided to control, manage, direct, instruct, or monitor another component, device, circuit, apparatus, system, and/or assembly. … more "Control signal" refers to an electrical signal (wired or wireless) designed, engineered, and/or provided to control, manage, direct, instruct, or monitor another component, device, circuit, apparatus, system, and/or assembly.

“Intellectual Property” means all of the following, whether protected, created or arising under the Laws of the United States or any foreign jurisdiction: (i) all inventions (whether patentable or unpatentable and whether or not reduced to practice), patent disclosures, industrial designs, all improvements thereto, and all United States and foreign patents, patent applications (including all patents issuing thereon), statutory invention registrations and invention disclosures, together with all continuation applications of all types, including reissuances, restorations, divisions, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, extensions and re-examinations thereof, and all rights therein provided by international treaties or conventions; (ii) all United States and non U.S. copyrightable works (including copyrights in Software), design rights, database rights, all copyrights and applications, registrations and renewals in connection therewith, whether registered or unregistered; (iii) trade secrets, know-how and information that is proprietary and confidential; and (iv) all mask works (as defined in 17 U.S. C. §901) and all applications, registrations and renewals in connection therewith; all United States and foreign trademarks, service marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, Internet domain names, moral rights, designs, slogans and corporate names and general intangibles of like nature, whether registered or unregistered, together with all translations, adaptations, derivations and combinations thereof and other identifiers of source and including all goodwill associated therewith and all rights therein provided by international treaties or conventions, common law rights, applications, registrations, pending registrations, applications to register, reissues, extensions of the foregoing and renewals in connection therewith. … more “Intellectual Property” means all of the following, whether protected, created or arising under the Laws of the United States or any foreign jurisdiction: (i) all inventions (whether patentable or unpatentable and whether or not reduced to practice), patent disclosures, industrial designs, all improvements thereto, and all United States and foreign patents, patent applications (including all patents issuing thereon), statutory invention registrations and invention disclosures, together with all continuation applications of all types, including reissuances, restorations, divisions, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, extensions and re-examinations thereof, and all rights therein provided by international treaties or conventions; (ii) all United States and non U.S. copyrightable works (including copyrights in Software), design rights, database rights, all copyrights and applications, registrations and renewals in connection therewith, whether registered or unregistered; (iii) trade secrets, know-how and information that is proprietary and confidential; and (iv) all mask works (as defined in 17 U.S. C. §901) and all applications, registrations and renewals in connection therewith; all United States and foreign trademarks, service marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, Internet domain names, moral rights, designs, slogans and corporate names and general intangibles of like nature, whether registered or unregistered, together with all translations, adaptations, derivations and combinations thereof and other identifiers of source and including all goodwill associated therewith and all rights therein provided by international treaties or conventions, common law rights, applications, registrations, pending registrations, applications to register, reissues, extensions of the foregoing and renewals in connection therewith.

Here is another example: FIGS. 2F, 2G illustrate a top view and a bottom view of an alternative embodiment for an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus, surgical device 200b. The surgical device 200b may have many structures, features, and functions, operations, and configuration similar or identical to those of the surgical device 200a described in relation to FIGS. 2A-2E, like parts are identified with the same reference numerals. Accordingly, the surgical device 200b may include a shaft 210, a housing 220, a head 240, a handle 250, and/or an electronic circuit 300 (See FIG. 3). … more Here is another example: FIGS. 2F, 2G illustrate a top view and a bottom view of an alternative embodiment for an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus, surgical device 200b. The surgical device 200b may have many structures, features, and functions, operations, and configuration similar or identical to those of the surgical device 200a described in relation to FIGS. 2A-2E, like parts are identified with the same reference numerals. Accordingly, the surgical device 200b may include a shaft 210, a housing 220, a head 240, a handle 250, and/or an electronic circuit 300 (See FIG. 3).

"Porosity" refers to a measure of how porous a material, object or structure is. Porosity can be expressed as a ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. Porosity can be expressed as a percentage of the ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. (Search "porosity" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 28 Sept. 2022) … more "Porosity" refers to a measure of how porous a material, object or structure is. Porosity can be expressed as a ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. Porosity can be expressed as a percentage of the ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. (Search "porosity" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 28 Sept. 2022)

"Relationship" refers to the way in which two or more concepts, structures, attributes, objects, or people are connected, related, influence each other, or are associated, or the state of being connected. (Search "relationship" on google.com. Oxford Languages, 2022. Modified Web. 23 June 2022.) … more "Relationship" refers to the way in which two or more concepts, structures, attributes, objects, or people are connected, related, influence each other, or are associated, or the state of being connected. (Search "relationship" on google.com. Oxford Languages, 2022. Modified Web. 23 June 2022.)

As used herein, “locus” refers to a place or area where something is situated or occurs. Locus can also refer to a center of activity, attention, or concentration and/or the set of all points whose location is determined by stated conditions. (search "locus" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 30 Aug. 2021. Modified.) A locus may be defined using various techniques, formulae, algorithms, representations, and/or models. For example, a geometric point, a line, a plane, 2D shape, or 3D shape in a three-dimensional coordinate system may define a locus. Alternatively, or in addition, a mathematical formula and/or an algorithm may define the locus for a mesh. A locus serves as a reference for another characteristic, attribute, or feature. … more As used herein, “locus” refers to a place or area where something is situated or occurs. Locus can also refer to a center of activity, attention, or concentration and/or the set of all points whose location is determined by stated conditions. (search "locus" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 30 Aug. 2021. Modified.) A locus may be defined using various techniques, formulae, algorithms, representations, and/or models. For example, a geometric point, a line, a plane, 2D shape, or 3D shape in a three-dimensional coordinate system may define a locus. Alternatively, or in addition, a mathematical formula and/or an algorithm may define the locus for a mesh. A locus serves as a reference for another characteristic, attribute, or feature.

"Pore configuration relationship" refers to a relationship, or association, between an attribute, feature, or configuration aspect of a pore relative to one or more references and a determinable attribute. In certain embodiments, a pore configuration relationship includes a pore diameter (aka pore size) which is the attribute, a locus can serve as the reference, and a distance or range of distances between the pore and the reference is the determinable attribute. … more "Pore configuration relationship" refers to a relationship, or association, between an attribute, feature, or configuration aspect of a pore relative to one or more references and a determinable attribute. In certain embodiments, a pore configuration relationship includes a pore diameter (aka pore size) which is the attribute, a locus can serve as the reference, and a distance or range of distances between the pore and the reference is the determinable attribute.

"Load" refers to a force, deformation, or acceleration applied to structure, component, apparatus, system, structural element, or the like. A load can cause stress, deformation, and displacement in a structure. (Search “structural load” on Wikipedia.com Sept. 1, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.). … more "Load" refers to a force, deformation, or acceleration applied to structure, component, apparatus, system, structural element, or the like. A load can cause stress, deformation, and displacement in a structure. (Search “structural load” on Wikipedia.com Sept. 1, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.).

"Radiolucent window" refers to a window that permits the passage of radiant energy and electromagnetic radiant energy, in particular, such as x-rays used in an x-ray machine and/or in a fluoroscopy imaging device. … more "Radiolucent window" refers to a window that permits the passage of radiant energy and electromagnetic radiant energy, in particular, such as x-rays used in an x-ray machine and/or in a fluoroscopy imaging device.

"Transition feature" refers to a model, modifier, formula, algorithm, modification factor, set of modification instructions or the like that influences how an aspect, attribute, configuration aspect, or characteristic is to change from a first state or context to a second state or context. For example, in one embodiment, a transition feature may be a modifier for a formula in which the modifier changes based on how far a mesh position is from an intersection of the transition feature and a sidewall of a structure or model. … more "Transition feature" refers to a model, modifier, formula, algorithm, modification factor, set of modification instructions or the like that influences how an aspect, attribute, configuration aspect, or characteristic is to change from a first state or context to a second state or context. For example, in one embodiment, a transition feature may be a modifier for a formula in which the modifier changes based on how far a mesh position is from an intersection of the transition feature and a sidewall of a structure or model.

"Midpoint" refers to a point along a structure, object, component, plane, or line that is midway between opposite ends of the structure, object, component, plane, or line. … more "Midpoint" refers to a point along a structure, object, component, plane, or line that is midway between opposite ends of the structure, object, component, plane, or line.

“Curved corner" refers to a corner in which converging lines, edges, or sides meet by way of an arc that connects converging lines, edges, or sides. In a two-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of a single curve. In a three-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of an interior line segment and an external line segment. Certain implementations of a three-dimensional curved corner may include a curved interior line segment and a curved external line segment. In other implementations, either the interior line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, or both the interior line segment and the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle. … more “Curved corner" refers to a corner in which converging lines, edges, or sides meet by way of an arc that connects converging lines, edges, or sides. In a two-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of a single curve. In a three-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of an interior line segment and an external line segment. Certain implementations of a three-dimensional curved corner may include a curved interior line segment and a curved external line segment. In other implementations, either the interior line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, or both the interior line segment and the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle.

"Engagement feature" or "Engagement member" refers to an apparatus, instrument, structure, device, component, member, system, assembly or module structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to connect, join, link, couple to, or engage with another object, apparatus, instrument, structure, device, component, member, system, assembly or module either permanently or temporarily. The connection, coupling, linkage, or engagement may be a mechanical connection or interconnection. … more "Engagement feature" or "Engagement member" refers to an apparatus, instrument, structure, device, component, member, system, assembly or module structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to connect, join, link, couple to, or engage with another object, apparatus, instrument, structure, device, component, member, system, assembly or module either permanently or temporarily. The connection, coupling, linkage, or engagement may be a mechanical connection or interconnection.

"Cross section" or "cross-section" refers to the non-empty intersection of a body in three-dimensional space with a plane, or the analog in higher-dimensional spaces. (Search “cross section” on Wikipedia.com March 7, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.) … more "Cross section" or "cross-section" refers to the non-empty intersection of a body in three-dimensional space with a plane, or the analog in higher-dimensional spaces. (Search “cross section” on Wikipedia.com March 7, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.)