Dave's PCF WIP: Paragraphs

Paragraphs

Actions	Matter	Content	Para #	Notes	Modified
View Edit Delete	TOY-1	Here too medical imaging solutions are available for use by surgeons to determine a deployment trajectory intraoperatively. However, such solutions can prohibitively expensive, can be of limited availability, increases exposure of a patient to radio or x-ray radiation used for the scan and can greatly increase the time needed for the procedure. The time can increase as the surgical field may need to be altered or reconfigured to accommodate the medical imaging equipment. However, the present disclosure provides an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus, system, and/or method of use that can determine and/or confirm that a surgeon’s pedicle screws trajectory during surgery matches one predetermined based on medical imaging scans, without requiring use of medical imaging equipment during the procedure. The intraoperative angle measurement apparatus, system, and/or method of use of the present disclosure is simple to use, low-cost, and effective. In certain embodiments, the intraoperative angle measurement apparatus may be disposed of after a single use. A single spinal surgery can involve a number of vertebrae of a patient and each vertebra includes two pedicles. A surgeon may need to confirm an insertion trajectory and/or orientation angle for each of the pedicles.	57	Added by DJM 1 2022	1/19/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	TOY-1	Now that the surgeon has the desired orientation angle for deployment of fixation devices within the pedicle, the surgeon works to locate the desired orientation angle for deployment when performing the surgery. This can be challenging as the surgeon may also desire to minimize the number and size of incisions and opening of wounds during the procedure. Generally, surgery on the spine that includes deployment of fixation devices in the pedicle is done using a posterior approach. The patient may lie in a prone on an operating table and the surgeon may make incisions in the skin and soft tissue of the back of the patient to gain access to the spine. Thus, the surgeon may have only a posterior view of the spinous process 104, first transverse process 106, and second transverse process 108 and the lamina connecting them.	56	Added by DJM 1 2022	1/19/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	TOY-1	Both MRI images and CT images can be used specifically to determine a location of pedicles of each vertebra of the patient. Both MRI images and CT images provide cross-sectional images of the patient and body parts of the patient. Each of these images may be referred to as a slice or “cut” because it is a two-dimensional image of the three-dimensional structure. During preoperative planning or even intraoperatively a surgeon can review a CT cut for each pedicle 114, 116 of a vertebra 100. The CT imaging system may include a coordinate system overlay and/or a data reading of the orientation angle (e.g., angle A) of the longitudinal axis of each pedicle. The surgeon may note that orientation angle for use during the procedure. The orientation angle serves as the desired orientation angle for deployment of fixation devices (e.g., pedicle screws) in relation to the pedicle. Alternatively, or in addition, the surgeon may determine that the desired orientation angle for deployment is +/- 1-3 degrees (or tenths of degrees) of the orientation angle reported by the CT cut. The desired orientation angle for deployment can serve as a trajectory for deployment of a pedicle screw from a posterior surface of the second lamina 112 between the spinous process 104 and second transverse process 108.	55	Added by DJM 1 2022	1/19/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	TOY-1	Advantageously, medical imaging technologies enable a surgeon to view and obtain accurate measurements of parts of the vertebra 100, such as the pedicles. Accurate measurements of pedicles can provide information about the location, orientation, diameter and length of the pedicles. This measurement information is useful to determine the type, size, and features of pedicle implants, such as pedicles screws to be used in a procedure.	54	Added by DJM 1 2022	1/19/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	The present invention relates generally to the field of interactive television systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system and method for providing foreign language support for a remote control device within an interactive television system.	3	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	2. Description of Related Background Art	4	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	Television and Internet technologies are beginning to converge. In particular, access to the World Wide Web via Internet-enabled television systems is becoming increasingly popular. Internet-enabled television systems, also referred to as interactive television systems, enable users to enjoy a robust set of interactive options not available in conventional televisions. Internet-enabled television systems bring the power of the Internet to a large segment of customers who were previously deterred by the complexities of modern personal computers.	5	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	The Internet spans many countries and languages. Thus, interactive television systems should provide support for multiple languages. While software may be easily written to accommodate many different languages, it is more difficult for hardware components, such as remote controls, to be similarly configured. Typically, each remote control includes printed text in a single language. Thus, a speaker of one language is often required to operate a remote control designed for a speaker of another language.	6	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	For instance, an individual may be using an interactive television system at a hotel in a foreign country. Such an individual may be hindered by the fact that the buttons of the remote control include text in a foreign language. Likewise, public kiosks incorporating interactive television systems need to support multiple languages, but are typically configured for only one language or a limited subset of languages. Even in the home, there may be individuals who speak different languages, but need to share a common interactive television system.	7	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	Conventional solutions, such as applying language-specific stickers to a remote control, are deficient in a number of respects. For example, such stickers may be easily separated from the remote control. In addition, the stickers do not easily accommodate interactive television systems that are frequently used by speakers of multiple different languages, as in the case of a hotel, a public kiosk, or in a multi-lingual home. Continually changing stickers or providing different remote controls for each language is impractical and costly.	8	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	Accordingly, what is needed is a system and method for assisting a speaker of a first language in operating a remote control device designed for a speaker of a second language.	9	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	Non-exhaustive embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the figures, in which:	10	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for delivering television programs and other forms of content;	11	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 2 is an illustration of an interactive television system including a remote control, a keyboard, a set top box, and a television;	12	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 3 is a physical block diagram of hardware components of a set top box;	13	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 4 is a logical block diagram of a system for assisting a speaker of a first language in operating a remote control device designed for a speaker of a second language;	14	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 5 illustrates an icon with a corresponding description in a user-preferred language;	15	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 6 illustrates a technique for providing a visual and/or audible prompt;	16	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 7 illustrates a map of a remote control being displayed on a display device;	17	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US6559866B2	FIG. 8 illustrates user-selectable map views and icon views; and	18	Added by DJM 12 2021	12/23/21, 12:00 AM

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