|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
FIG. 6B is a perspective cut-away view of an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus in use. |
24 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
FIGS. 7A-7E illustrate perspective views of different embodiments of a bone probe that can be used with an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus in accordance with different embodiments. |
25 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
FIGS. 8A-8E illustrate perspective views of different embodiments of a bone probe that can be used with an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus in accordance with different embodiments. |
26 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
It is to be understood that the drawings are for purposes of illustrating the concepts of the disclosure and may or may not be drawn to scale. Furthermore, the drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments and do not represent limitations to the scope of the present disclosure. |
27 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
Standard medical planes of reference and descriptive terminology are employed in this disclosure. While these terms are commonly used to refer to the human body, certain terms are applicable to physical objects in general. A standard system of three mutually perpendicular reference planes is employed. A sagittal plane divides a body into right and left portions. A coronal plane divides a body into anterior and posterior portions. A transverse plane divides a body into superior and inferior portions. A mid-sagittal, mid-coronal, or mid-transverse plane divides a body into equal portions, which may be bilaterally symmetric. The intersection of the sagittal and coronal planes defines a superior-inferior or cephalad-caudal axis. The intersection of the sagittal and transverse planes defines an anterior-posterior axis. The intersection of the coronal and transverse planes defines a medial-lateral axis. The superior-inferior or cephalad-caudal axis, the anterior-posterior axis, and the medial-lateral axis are mutually perpendicular. Anterior means toward the front of a body. |
28 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
Posterior means toward the back of a body. Superior or cephalad means toward the head. Inferior or caudal means toward the feet or tail. Medial means toward the midline of a body, particularly toward a plane of bilateral symmetry of the body. Lateral means away from the midline of a body or away from a plane of bilateral symmetry of the body. Axial means toward a central axis of a body. Abaxial means away from a central axis of a body. Ipsilateral means on the same side of the body. Contralateral means on the opposite side of the body. Proximal means toward the trunk of the body. Proximal may also mean toward a user, viewer, or operator. Distal means away from the trunk. Distal may also mean away from a user, viewer, or operator. Dorsal means toward the top of the foot. Plantar means toward the sole of the foot. Antegrade means forward moving from a proximal location/position to a distal location/position or moving in a forward direction. Retrograde means backward moving from a distal location/position to a proximal location/position or moving in a backwards direction. Sagittal refers to a midline of a patient’s anatomy, which divides the body into left or right halves. The sagittal plane may be in the center of the body, splitting it into two halves. Prone means a body of a person lying face down. Supine means a body of a person lying face up. |
29 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
"Display device" refers to any apparatus, device, component, module, circuit, sub-circuit, structure, electronic component, hardware, or logic configured, programmed, designed, arranged, or engineered to display, show, or present one or more visual images and/or videos to a user. A display device can use analog or digital technologies. Examples of a display device include one or more LEDs, a seven segment display, an LCD display, an LED display, and the like. |
83 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
"Bone bore" refers to an apparatus, instrument, structure, device, component, member, system, assembly, or module structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to form a bore, hole, or tunnel into and/or through bone of a patient. Examples of a bone bore include a surgical drill bit, an awl, a pedicle probe, and the like. "Pedicle probe" refers to an apparatus, instrument, structure, device, component, member, system, assembly, or module structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to probe and/or explore a pedicle structure of a patient's bone. In certain embodiments, a pedicle probe can be used to determine where the pedicle is and how its configuration relates to other structures in the body. In certain embodiments, a pedicle probe can be inserted into a pedicle and pressed through bone of the pedicle to form a pilot hole through the pedicle for a fixation device. |
92 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
In one embodiment, the opening 266 may be sized to accept one or more of a K-wire, a bone bore, an awl, a pedicle probe, a pedicle implant, and/or a pedicle inserter. A surgeon may pass one or more of these example instruments through the opening 266 as part of a pedicle screw placement procedure or step. The surgeon may use the surgical device 200b to determine, or confirm, a desired orientation (e.g., desired orientation angle) for the location of the pedicle and use one or more of these example instruments to mark, identify, or implement an insertion trajectory for one or more pedicle screws into the pedicle of the vertebra 100. |
91 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
As used herein, an “opening” refers to a gap, a hole, an aperture, a port, a portal, a space or recess in a structure, a void in a structure, or the like. In certain embodiments, an opening can refer to a structure configured specifically for receiving something and/or for allowing access. In certain embodiments, an opening can pass through a structure. In other embodiments, an opening can exist within a structure but not pass through the structure. An opening can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional and can have a variety of geometric shapes and/or cross-sectional shapes, including, but not limited to a rectangle, a square, or other polygon, as well as a circle, an ellipse, an ovoid, or other circular or semi-circular shape. As used herein, the term “opening” can include one or more modifiers that define specific types of “openings” based on the purpose, function, operation, position, or location of the “opening.” As one example, a “fastener opening” refers to an “opening” adapted, configured, designed, or engineered to accept or accommodate a “fastener.” |
90 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
In the illustrated embodiment, the surgical device 200b differs from the surgical device 200a because the surgical device 200b includes an opening 266 that extends from a proximal end of the surgical device 200b to a distal end of the surgical device 200b. Alternatively, or in addition, the opening 266 may extend from a proximal end 212 to a distal end 214 of the shaft 210. In this manner, the shaft 210 may be cannulated. The opening 266 may be coaxial with, and may pass through, the head 240, housing 220, shaft 210, handle 250, flange 252, and/or bone probe 216. In the illustrated embodiment, the surgical device 200b may serve as a cannula that can be used for one or more steps of a surgical procedure (e.g., pedicle screw deployment). The opening 266 may have a diameter that accepts passage of a variety of instruments that a surgeon may use as part of a procedure to deploy a fixation device (e.g., a pedicle screw). |
89 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
FIGS. 2F, 2G illustrate a top view and a bottom view of an alternative embodiment for an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus, surgical device 200b. The surgical device 200b may have many structures, features, and functions, operations, and configuration similar or identical to those of the surgical device 200a described in relation to FIGS. 2A-2E, like parts are identified with the same reference numerals. Accordingly, the surgical device 200b may include a shaft 210, a housing 220, a head 240, a handle 250, and/or an electronic circuit 300 (See FIG. 3). |
88 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
FIGS. 2A-2C, and 2E illustrate a bone probe 216 with a configuration for engaging and remaining stationary on a bone surface of a patient. In one embodiment, the bone probe 216 may include a point/tip 264. The point/tip 264 may be at the distal end 214 of the shaft 210 and/or surgical device 200a. |
87 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
In one embodiment, one of the surfaces (e.g., posterior surface 224) may include a door or hatch that provides access to an internal battery or other power supply for the surgical device 200a. In another example, a surface may include a port for connecting an external power supply to the surgical device 200a either for primary power or for charging an internal power supply. |
86 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
Those of skill in the art appreciate that a variety of different user interfaces 254 can be used with the surgical device 200a. For example, a single button or switch may toggle a state, feature, or function of the surgical device 200a between an angle mode and a distance mode. Alternatively, or in addition, the user interface 254 may be a touch screen with representation of buttons or switches displayed that respond when a user touches that part of the screen. |
85 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
The user interface 254 can receive input data from a user by way of zeroing switch, such as zero-out switch 256 and display output data to a user on a display device (e.g., display 262). The zero-out switch 256 may convey a zero-out signal to the electronic circuit 300. The angle mode switch 258 may change an operating mode of the electronic circuit 300 from measuring distance to measuring an orientation angle of the shaft 210/surgical device 200a. The distance mode switch 260 may change an operating mode of the electronic circuit 300 from measuring an orientation angle of the shaft 210/surgical device 200a to measuring a distance between the surgical device 200a and a second surgical device. Details of the zero-out switch 256, angle mode switch 258, and/or distance mode switch 260 are discussed below. |
84 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
In one embodiment, a shaft 210 may extend through the head 240 and include an interface that enables the shaft 210 to couple to one or more other instruments that can be used for deployment of a pedicle screw. For example, a surgeon may connect the shaft 210 to a surgical drill and the bone probe 216 may include a drill bit configuration at the distal end such that the surgical device 200b may be rotated about its longitudinal axis to create a hole in bone of a patient, and specifically in certain embodiments, to create a hole in a pedicle of a patient. |
93 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
"Mode" refers to a state of operation for a circuit, sub-circuit, circuitry, electronic component, hardware, software, firmware, module, logic, device, button, lever, or apparatus. When a mode is activated the circuit, sub-circuit, circuitry, electronic component, hardware, software, firmware, module, logic, device, or apparatus may perform one or more set of functions that are different from when the mode is not activated. Often "mode" is used with a modifier describing and differentiating one mode or operating state from another, for example an "operating mode" relates to a mode of operation, a "calibration mode" relates to a mode of calibrating, a "distance mode" relates to distance operations, and an "angle mode" relates to angles. "Switch" refers to a circuit, sub-circuit, circuitry, electronic component, hardware, software, firmware, module, logic, device, button, lever, or apparatus configured, programmed, designed, arranged, or engineered to close an electronic circuit and/or couple one electronic component or circuit with another. In one embodiment, the switch is configured to send a signal to another electronic component when the switch is activated ("closed"). |
82 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
The user interface 254 can include a zero-out switch 256 (also referred to as a Zeroing switch), an angle mode switch 258, a distance mode switch 260, and/or a display 262. "Zero-out" or "Zeroing" refers to a feature or function of a measuring device, apparatus, or circuit that adjusts or calibrates a measurement system of the measuring device to start using a new reference indicator as a zero point or state for subsequent measurements. The feature can be initiated by an electronic signal, also referred to as a zero-out signal or zero-out input signal, user input or user input data, generated in response to activation of a zero-out button or zero-out switch. A zero-out feature can be used to compensation for errors inherent in a measuring device. A zero-out feature can also be used to set a new zero state or zero point for subsequent measurements taken compensation for errors inherent in a measuring device. A variety of attributes measurable by a measuring device can be measuring using the zero-out feature including, but not limited to, weight (aka tare feature), angle, tilt, tilt axis, rotation, static acceleration, dynamic acceleration, and the like. In certain embodiments, the zero-out switch 256 may serve two functions, first to provide a zero-out input signal and second the zero-out switch 256 may serve as a power-on and/or power-off switch/button. |
81 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |
|
View Edit Delete |
TOY-1 |
"Input device" refers to any apparatus, device, component, module, circuit, sub-circuit, structure, electronic component, hardware, or logic configured, programmed, designed, arranged, or engineered to receive input data, input instructions, input information, input signals, or the like from an environment. Often, a user may interact with an input device to provide input information. Examples of input devices includes, but are not limited to a button, a switch, a sensor, a keyboard, a keypad, a touch screen incorporated into a graphical user interface, audio input devices such as voice recognition systems, microphones, transceivers, receivers, other types of input devices, and the like. In various embodiments, input devices can be incorporated into a user interface. "Output device" refers to any apparatus, device, component, module, circuit, sub-circuit, structure, electronic component, hardware, or logic configured, programmed, designed, arranged, or engineered to output data, instructions, information, signals, audio information, visual information, video information, or the like. Examples of output devices includes, but are not limited to one or more of a switch, a sensor, an LED, a light, a speaker, a transceiver, a transmitter, a display and the like. In various embodiments, output devices can be incorporated into a user interface. |
80 |
Added by DJM 1 2022 |
1/19/22, 12:00 AM |