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"Output data" refers to data provided from one device, component, circuit, or apparatus to another device, component, circuit, or apparatus. Examples of output data can include activation of a light, activation of a switch, data values, audio signals, video signals, images, videos, and the like. "Input data" refers to data identified, used, collected, gathered, and/or generated to serve as input to another component, circuit, driver, device, manager, control circuit, storage media, storage device, or controller. The input data can be in analog or digital format and can represent a data signal and/or one or more data values. |
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"Data" refers to a set of information organized in a way that facilitates communication of the information to a receiver. The receiver may be a person or animal or an electronic component, circuit, assembly, or the like. Data can be represented as signal or values represented in any numbering and/or alphabet system. Data can be stored in one representation in an analog or digital format and conveyed to a receiver in another format suitable for the receiver to interpret and understand the data. Data can be organized in a structured or unstructured format. "Structured data" refers to data within a data structure that is organized according to a predefined format, protocol, or configuration such that the structure may be used to facilitate working with the data. Examples of structured data include, but are not limited to, files, databases, database records, database tables, database schemas, serialized objects, directories, and the like. "Unstructured data" refers to data stored without a particular organization, predefined format, protocol, or configuration. Examples of unstructured data include, but are not limited to, content of a text message, content of an email message, text content of a file, content of a document, and the like. Often data will be used in connection with one or more adjectives that identify a type or purpose for the data, examples include "user data", "input data", "output data", "sensor data", "patient data", "system data", and the like. "Sensor data" refers to any data or information registered by one or more sensors. Examples of sensor data include an amount of current passing through the sensor, an amount of voltage across the sensor, an amount of electrical resistance through the sensor, an amount of strain experienced by the sensor, an acceleration vector, a deceleration vector, an orientation, an orientation angle, a direction, and the like. |
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As used herein, an "interface," "user interface," or "engagement interface" refers to an area, a boundary, or a place at which two separate and/or independent structures, members, apparatus, assemblies, components, and/or systems join, connect, are coupled, or meet and act on, or communicate, mechanically or electronically, with each other. In certain embodiments, "interface" may refer to a surface forming a common boundary of two bodies, spaces, structures, members, apparatus, assemblies, components, or phases. (search "interface" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 15 Nov. 2021. Modified.) In certain embodiments, the term interface may be used with an adjective that identifies a type or function for the interface. For example, an engagement interface may refer to one or more structures that interact or connect to mechanically join or connect two separate structures, each connected to a side of the interface. In another example, a user interface may refer to one or more mechanical, electrical, or electromechanical structures that interact with or enable a user to provide user input, instructions, input signals, data, or data values and receive output, output data, or feedback. |
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Each of the surfaces may include one or more features. For example, the anterior surface 222 may include a user interface 254. The user interface 254 enables a user to input data and/or provide instructions to the surgical device 200a and receive feedback, data, output data, or output from the surgical device 200a. The user interface 254 may include a combination of one or more switches, buttons, displays, speakers, or other input devices and/or output devices. |
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In certain embodiments, the surgical device 200a can be used with cortical bone that is not fully exposed. In certain embodiments, the bone probe 216 and/or shaft 210 can be configured to pierce soft tissue such as muscle, skin, or ligaments until the bone probe 216 contacts a bone surface. In this manner, smaller incisions can be used with less trauma to the soft tissue. The lower trauma can lead to faster recovery times. In certain embodiments, the flange 252 can facilitate insertion of the bone probe 216 and/or shaft 210 into soft tissue for measuring an orientation angle. |
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The handle 250 serves as a convenient structure for handling, manipulating, and using the surgical device 200a. In certain embodiments, the handle 250 is coaxial with the shaft 210 and positioned between the bone probe 216 and the proximal end 212 of the shaft 210. Of course, the handle 250 may be positioned at other location on the surgical device 200a and/or other parts of a surgical device 200a may serve as a handle 250. As used herein, a "handle" refers to a structure used to hold, control, or manipulate a device, apparatus, component, tool, or the like. A “handle” may be designed to be grasped and/or held using one or two hands of a user. In the illustrated embodiment, the handle 250 may include a flange 252 at a distal end of the handle 250. The flange 252 may press against soft tissue of a patient and keep the soft tissue from contacting or surrounding the handle 250. In certain embodiments, the flange 252 may be conical in shape. |
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The measurement circuit 330 is a circuit or device or module that measures a change in orientation of the shaft 210 (or surgical device 200) in relation to a reference axis. In one embodiment, the reference axis is an axis such as the reference axis 130 described in relation to FIG. 1. In another embodiment, the reference axis may be an axis determined by another circuit, sensor, or component of the surgical device 200. Alternatively, or in addition, the reference axis may be and stored in a storage media of the surgical device 200 for subsequent use. For example, the reference axis may be predetermined during fabrication, during operating room preparations, or another time before the surgical device 200 is used for a procedure. The data and/or value used to define and represent the reference axis may be stored in a storage media that can be included in the surgical device 200. |
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The one or more buttons 410 may be each perform (or cause to be performed) a single function or operation or one or more of the buttons 410 may perform a plurality of functions or operations. For example, one button 410 may be a power on button, another button 410 may be a power off button, or the same button 410 may serve as both a power on button and a power off button. As a further example, a single button may serve as a power on button, a power off button, and/or a reset button. The reset function may delete a previously (permanently or temporarily) stored orientation angle. Like the one or more buttons 410 the one or more switches 420 may each perform (or cause to be performed) a single function or a plurality of functions. |
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Those of skill in the art appreciate that the input circuit 310 and/or output circuit 320 can have different configurations in different embodiments. Examples of input devices that the input circuit 310 may include are one or more buttons 410, one or more switches 420, one or more arrow buttons 430, a keypad 440, a keyboard 450, and the like. Examples of output devices that the output circuit 320 may include are one or more displays 460, one or more speakers 470, one or more lights 480, one or more haptic feedback devices 490, and the like. |
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FIG. 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment for an exemplary electronic circuit 400 that can be used. The electronic circuit 400 may have many structures, features, and functions, operations, and configuration similar or identical to those of the electronic circuit 300 described in relation to FIG. 3, like parts are identified with the same reference numerals. The electronic circuit 400 may include one or more of an input circuit 310, an output circuit 320, a measurement circuit 330, a calibration circuit 340, and a control circuit 350. However, certain of these components may have more or fewer features, devices, components, sub-circuits, or modules than those of the electronic circuit 300. |
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FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an exemplary electronic circuit according to certain embodiments. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus according to the present disclosure can include one or two features and/or functions of a plurality of features and functions. The number of features and/or functions provided by embodiments of an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus can change the configuration of the electronic circuit within the intraoperative angle measurement apparatus. The exemplary electronic circuit 400 illustrates certain features, devices, components, sub-circuits, or modules that can be implemented in certain embodiments. |
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The power supply 360 couples to the electronic circuit 300 and provides power to operate the electronic circuit 300. In one embodiment, the power supply 360 is a battery. The battery may be replaceable or nonreplaceable. In another embodiment, the power supply 360 may be a supercapacitor with sufficient power to supply the electronic circuit 300 with power for use in a single surgical procedure. "Power supply" refers to an electronic system, component, assembly, apparatus, or device configured to provide electrical power in the form of current to one or more devices, components, assemblies, and/or electronic circuits. Examples of a power supply include a battery, a wall power outlet socket, a power generator, and the like. |
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The control circuit 350 is coupled to the input circuit 310, the output circuit 320, the measurement circuit 330, and the calibration circuit 340. The control circuit 350 may manage the other circuits in the electronic circuit 300. Alternatively, or in addition, the control circuit 350 may determine an orientation angle (e.g., angle A and/or angle B) of the shaft 210/surgical device 200 relative to the reference axis 130. "Control circuit" refers to a circuit, sub-circuit, circuitry, electronic component, hardware, software, firmware, module, logic, device, or apparatus configured, programmed, designed, arranged, or engineered to direct, manage, oversee, and/or control the operation of one or more other circuits or components. |
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The calibration circuit 340 is a circuit or device or module that determines a reference axis, such as reference axis 130. In certain embodiments, the calibration circuit 340 may compute, calculate, or determine the reference axis 130. Alternatively, or in addition, the calibration circuit 340 may retrieve the reference axis 130 and/or a representation of the reference axis 130 from a storage media. In certain embodiments, the calibration circuit 340 may determine a reference axis in response to an input signal, such as a zero-out signal. In other embodiments, the calibration circuit 340 determine a reference axis based on signals or input from one or more sensors. |
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As used herein, a "sensor" refers to a device, component, circuit, system, chip, hardware, logic, or circuitry configured to detect, sense, and/or measure an attribute, feature, or characteristic of an environment, a space, a thing, an apparatus, a circuit, a component, and/or the like. Examples of a sensor include but are not limited to an accelerometer, a goniometer, a digital goniometer, a tiltmeter, an inclinometer, a potentiometer, a geomagnetic sensor, an acoustic sensor, a dynamic acceleration sensor, a dynamic acceleration sensor, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, and the like. In certain embodiments, a single sensor may detect, sense, and/or measure a single attribute, feature, or characteristic. In other embodiments, a single sensor may detect, sense, and/or measure a plurality of attributes, features, and/or characteristics. A sensor can be made up of analog, digital, electrical, mechanical, and/or electromechanical components and may function with or without an external power source. A sensor can employ a variety of technologies in order to detect, sense, and/or measure an attribute, feature, or characteristic. For example, certain sensors may use electronic signals, radio signals, electromagnetic signals, magnetic signals, light signals, sound signals, and the like. Certain sensors may include a receiver and/or a transmitter of signals or waves for performing the sensing feature. Often a sensor is configured to communicate information about a detected, sensed, and/or measured an attribute, feature, or characteristic to another electronic component or device. The information may be communicated using a wired connection or a wireless connection. |
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In one embodiment, the measurement circuit 330 can measure an orientation of the shaft 210 in relation to a reference axis 130 as a user tilts the shaft 210 to a desired orientation. The measurement circuit 330 may include an orientation sensor, described in more detail below. |
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In certain embodiments, the bone probe 216 is configured to penetrate into cortical bone of a patient. In particular, the bone probe 216 may include a point at its distal end and the point may enable the bone probe 216 to penetrate the cortical bone in response to an axial force from a user. |
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The output circuit 320 sends, conveys, signals, and/or communicates output data, instructions, signals or commands to someone or something outside the electronic circuit 300 (e.g., a user or operator). In one embodiment, an output circuit 320 can be a single output device. Alternatively, or in addition, the output circuit 320 can be a plurality of interconnected or intercommunicating devices, such as output devices. In one embodiment, the output circuit 320 is an output device that communicates output data (e.g., an orientation angle) to a user or another device. In certain embodiments, the output circuit 320 and/or output device is coupled to the control circuit 350. The output circuit 320 and/or output device may be configured to communicate the orientation angle determined by the electronic circuit 300 to a user. |
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The input circuit 310 receives input data, instructions, signals or commands from someone or something outside the electronic circuit 300. In one embodiment, an input circuit 310 can be a single input device. Alternatively, or in addition, the input circuit 310 can be a plurality of interconnected or intercommunicating devices, such as input devices. In one embodiment, the input circuit 310 is an input device that receives user input data. |
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In one embodiment, the electronic circuit 300 may include one or more of an input circuit 310, an output circuit 320, a measurement circuit 330, a calibration circuit 340, and a control circuit 350. The electronic circuit 300 may be coupled with a power supply 360. |
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