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FLO-2
Figure 5C is a side elevation view of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 of Figure 3A in an expanded configuration. Figure 5D is a plan view of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 of Figure 3A in an expanded configuration. Figures 5C and 5D illustrate one embodiment of an expandable intervertebral implant with the expansion mechanism 160 activated such that the expandable intervertebral implant is in an expanded configuration.
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FLO-2
In the illustrated embodiment, the expansion mechanism 160 comprises a screw member 400 inserted within the opening 150. Figure 5C illustrates that the first lattice 130 is expanded, deformed, or stretched along the cephalad-caudal axis 520. Similarly, the second lattice 140 (not shown in Figure 5C) is expanded, deformed, or stretched along the cephalad-caudal axis 520. Figure 5D illustrates that the upper lattice 310 is expanded, deformed, or stretched along the medial-lateral axis 530. Similarly, the lower lattice 320 (not shown in Figure 5D) is expanded, deformed, or stretched along the medial-lateral axis 530.
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FLO-2
Figures 5C and 5D illustrate that the expandable intervertebral implant 300 includes a proximal end 170 and a distal end 180. In one embodiment, the expandable intervertebral implant 300 includes a first wall 350 having a first mesh 360 and a second wall 352 having a second mesh 362. Figure 5C illustrates that the first mesh 360 spans the first wall 350 from the first upper side 112 to the first lower side 122 and from the proximal end 170 to the distal end 180. Because the first wall 350 is symmetrical to the second wall 352, those of skill in the art will recognize that the second mesh 362 of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 spans the second wall 352 from the second upper side 114 to the second lower side 124 and from the proximal end 170 to the distal end 180.
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FLO-2
In one embodiment, the expandable intervertebral implant 300 includes an upper plate 110 having an upper mesh 370 and a lower plate 120 having a lower mesh 380. Figure 5D illustrates that the upper mesh 370 spans the upper plate 110 from the first upper side 112 to the second upper side 114 and from the proximal end 170 to the distal end 180. Because the lower plate 120 is symmetrical to the upper plate 110, those of skill in the art will recognize that the lower mesh 380 of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 spans the lower plate 120 from the first lower side 122 to the second lower side 124 and from the proximal end 170 to the distal end 180.
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FLO-2
In certain embodiments, the expandable intervertebral implant 300 includes an inserter attachment feature 550. The inserter attachment feature 550 serves to connect the expandable intervertebral implant 300 to an insertion tool (not shown) during an operation. For example, the inserter attachment feature 550 may be configured to removably attach the expandable intervertebral implant 300 to part of an insertion tool. Figures 5C and 5D illustrate that the inserter attachment feature 550 may have a dove-tail shape (Figure 5D) that enables a clamp, jaws, fork, or similar part of an insertion tool to removably engage with the expandable intervertebral implant 300 when the expandable intervertebral implant 300 is being positioned during an operation. Those of skill in the art will appreciate the different insertion tools that can removably engage the plurality of teeth 330 and provide a counter-torque when an expansion mechanism 160 is activated (such as rotation of a screw member 400).
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FLO-2
Advantageously, as illustrated in Figures 5C and 5D, a lattice, mesh, or other pattern of an upper plate 110, lower plate 120, first wall 350, second wall 352, first lattice 130, or second lattice 140 may extend to include the structures of the inserter attachment feature 550. In this manner, as the expandable intervertebral implant 300 expands along a cephalad-caudal axis 520 and/or medial-lateral axis 530, components of the inserter attachment feature 550 do not impede the expansion.
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FLO-2
Figure 5E illustrates a proximal end view of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 of Figure 5A in a collapsed configuration and a proximal end 406 of a screw member 400. Figure 5F illustrates a distal end view of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 of Figure 5A in a collapsed configuration and a distal end 408 of a screw member 400.
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FLO-2
Referring now to Figures 5E and 5F, in one embodiment, the opening 150 includes a height H and a width W. The opening 150 may have an ovoid cross-section 552. The ovoid cross-section 552 includes a height H that is different from a width W of the ovoid cross-section 552. In one embodiment, the height H is shorter than the width W. Alternatively, or in another embodiment, the opening 150 may have an elliptical cross-section having a height H that is smaller than a width W.
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FLO-2
The size and shape of the opening 150 and the cross-sectional diameter of the screw member 400 (including the threads 410) impact how much the expandable intervertebral implant 300 expands when the screw member 400 is inserted into the opening 150. In one embodiment, the screw member 400 has a cross-sectional diameter D greater than height H of the opening 150. In this manner, as the screw member 400 is inserted in the opening, the lattice, mesh, and/or pattern of pores/openings in the upper plate 110 (or upper mesh 370), lower plate 120 (or lower mesh 380), and first lattice 130 and second lattice 140 (or first wall 350 and second wall 352) enable the opening 150 to enlarge to accept the screw member 400. In certain embodiments, the cross-sectional diameter D of the screw member 400 is greater than width W of the opening 150. In such an embodiment, insertion of the screw member 400 causes the opening 150 to widen beyond width W.
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FLO-2
A drive member is configured to engage the drive recess 502 and rotate the screw member 400 in direction 560 or in direction 570. In one embodiment, rotation of the screw member 400 in direction 560 moves the screw member 400 deeper into the opening 150 and rotation of the screw member 400 in direction 570 moves the screw member 400 out of the opening 150, extracts the screw member 400. In one embodiment, activation of a driver 162 includes engaging the drive recess 502 and rotating the screw member 400 in the direction that moves the screw member 400 into the opening 150 and de-activation of the driver 162 includes engaging the drive recess 502 and rotating the screw member 400 in the direction that removes the screw member 400 from the opening 150.
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FLO-2
Figures 5E and 5F illustrate the expandable intervertebral implant in a collapsed configuration with a height 580 and a width 590 which are the respective height and width of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 prior to activation of the driver 162 of the expansion mechanism 160.
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FLO-2
Figure 5G illustrates a proximal end view of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 of Figure 5A in an expanded configuration with a screw member 400. Figure 5H illustrates a distal end view of the expandable intervertebral implant 300 of Figure 5A in an expanded configuration with a screw member 400. In the expanded configuration, the height 580 has become a greater height 580’ and the width 590 has become a greater width 590’. Figures 5G and 5H illustrate that the expandable intervertebral implant 300 has expanded along both the cephalad-caudal axis 520 and the medial-lateral axis 530 to a target expanded configuration. The target expanded configuration may have the increased height 580’ and increased width 590’.
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FLO-2
In such an embodiment, insertion of a screw member 400 into the opening 150 deforms the first lattice 130, the second lattice 140, the upper lattice 310, and the lower lattice 320. In such an embodiment, the screw member 400 can have a cross-sectional diameter that is greater than a height and/or a width of the opening 150. The first lattice 130, the second lattice 140, the upper lattice 310, and the lower lattice 320 deform, at least in part, because the cross-sectional diameter of the screw member 400 is greater than the height and/or the width of the opening 150.
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FLO-2
In addition, or alternatively, the upper mesh 370 and lower mesh 380 may each include a second pattern. The second pattern may be the same as the first pattern or the first pattern and the second pattern may each be different. The first pattern and the second pattern may each be selected such that activation of the driver 162 of the expansion mechanism 160 causes a first predetermined increase in a distance, such as (Δ H = height 580’ – height 580, or h1 + h2), between the upper plate 110 and the lower plate 120 that differs from a second predetermined increase in a distance, such as (Δ W = width 590’ – width 590, or w1 + w2), between the first wall 350 and the second wall 352. By using a different pattern for the upper lattice 310 and lower lattice 320 from a pattern used for the first lattice 130 and second lattice 140 an amount of expansion along a cephalad-caudal axis 520 and a medial-lateral axis 530 can each be independently managed or determined.
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FLO-2
In certain embodiments, a range of expandable intervertebral implants may be made available to a surgeon. The range of expandable intervertebral implants may include a plurality of variations among the size and/or shape of the opening 150, pattern(s) for the lattice and/or mesh of the lattices, walls, or plates, different expansion mechanisms 160, and the like. For example, different patterns for opposite sides of the expandable intervertebral implant may be used in the range of expandable intervertebral implants which each provide a different amount of expansion when installed.
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FLO-2
If a range of implants may be used for a given procedure, the plurality of variations among the size and/or shape of the opening 150, pattern(s) for the lattice and/or mesh of the lattices, walls, or plates, different expansion mechanisms 160 may facilitate pre-operative selection of the optimal implant(s). More particularly, a suitable size, shape, ratio of collapsed height and/or width to expanded height and/or width, type of expansion mechanism 160, and/or other hardware may be pre-operatively selected. In this manner, the surgeon may choose an expandable intervertebral implant that may provide an optimal outcome for the patient.
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FLO-2
In one embodiment, that includes a single pre-operatively selected expandable intervertebral implant or an expanded configuration selected from a range of implants, the first lattice 130 and the second lattice 140 may each have a pre-selected first pattern, size of the opening 150, and/or cross-sectional diameter of the screw member 400 such that rotation of the screw member 400 about the longitudinal axis moves the screw member 400 within the opening 150 and expands the expandable intervertebral implant 100/300 along a cephalad-caudal axis 520 and along a medial-lateral axis 530 to a target expanded configuration.
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FLO-2
Alternatively, or in addition, a single expandable intervertebral implant may be available and the expansion mechanism 160 may include a set of screw members 400. Each member of the set of screw members 400 may have a different cross-sectional diameter. In one embodiment, a surgeon may use a plurality of screw member 400 from the set of screw members 400 to expand the expandable intervertebral implant. For example, the surgeon may start with a screw member 400 having a smaller diameter, insert this screw member 400, remove the smaller diameter screw member 400, and then insert progressively larger diameter screw members 400 until an optimal level of expansion is achieved.
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FLO-2
Figures 6A-6F illustrates different patterns that can be used in embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6A illustrates a pattern 600 created by a uniform spacing of geometric shapes 602. In certain embodiments, the pattern 600 may be formed from one or more other geometric shapes including polygons, and shapes formed from curves such as circles, ovals, ovoids, ellipse, or the like. In certain embodiments, the edges 604 are configured to break or fail as the expandable intervertebral implant expands. This breakage may increase structural strength of components of the expandable intervertebral implant that include these edges 604.
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FLO-2
In Figure 6A, the geometric shapes 602 are hexagons. The geometric shapes 602 are formed by edges 604 that define pores or openings 606 in the pattern 600. The pores 606 facilitate expansion of the structure having the pattern. The pores 606 may facilitate bone growth through the expandable intervertebral implant as part of a recovery process once the expandable intervertebral implant is installed in a patient.
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