Dave's PCF WIP: Paragraphs

Paragraphs

Actions	Matter	Content	Para #	Notes	Modified
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the control logic 506 may include a network of amplifiers, transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, or the like configured to automatically adjust the power output of the AC power supply 516, thereby controlling the heat energy output of the resistive element 208. In another embodiment, the control logic 206 may include an integrated circuit (IC) chip package specifically for feedback control of temperature. In various embodiments, the control logic 506 may require a 3V–25V DC power supply 508 for operation of the control logic components.	66	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	FIG. 5 illustrates one embodiment of a modular temperature control unit 500. In one embodiment, the temperature control unit may include a housing 502, control logic 506, a DC power supply 508 connected to an AC power source 504, an AC power supply for the thermal cover 200, a user interface 510 with an adjustable user control 512, and a temperature sensor 514.	65	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the bottom connecting means 406 and the top connecting means 408 may substantially provide air and water isolation. In one embodiment, the top and bottom connecting means 408, 406 may include weather stripping, adhesive fabric, Velcro, or the like.	64	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the weight 404 is lead, sand, or other weighted material integrated into the air isolation flap 400. Alternatively, the weight may be rock, dirt, or other heavy material placed on the air isolation flap 400 by a user of the thermal cover 200.	63	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional diagram of one embodiment of an air isolation flap 400. In one embodiment, the air isolation flap 400 includes a portion of a covering sheet 402, a weight 404, a bottom connecting means 406, and a top connecting means 408. In one embodiment, the air isolation flap 400 may extend six inches from the edges of the thermal covering 300. In one embodiment, the air isolation flap 400 may additionally include heavy duty riveted, or tubular edges (not shown) for durability and added air isolation. The covering sheet 402 may comprise a joined portion of the first outer cover 302 and second outer cover 306 that extends around the perimeter of the cover 200 and does not include any intervening layers such as heat spreading layer 210 or insulation layer 304.	62	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the heat spreading element 210 is placed in direct contact with the resistive element 208. The heat spreading element 210 may conduct heat away from the resistive element 208 and spread the heat for a more even distribution of heat. The heat spreading element 210 may comprise any heat conductive material. For example, the heat spreading element 210 may comprise metal foil, wire mesh, and the like. In one embodiment, the resistive element 208 may be wrapped in metal foil. The resistive element 208 may be made from metal such as copper or other heat conductive material such as graphite. Alternatively, the conductive layer may comprise a heat conducting liquid such as water, oil, grease or the like.	61	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the insulation layer 304 provides thermal insulation to retain heat generated by the resistive element 208 beneath the thermal cover 300. In one embodiment, the insulation layer 304 is a sheet of polystyrene. Alternatively, the insulation layer may include cotton batting, Gore-Tex®, fiberglass, or other insulation material. In certain embodiments, the insulation layer 304 may allow a portion of the heat generated by the resistive element 208 to escape the top of the thermal cover 300 to prevent ice and snow accumulation on top of the thermal cover 300. For example, the insulation layer 304 may include a plurality of vents to transfer heat to the top layer 302. In certain embodiments, the thermal insulation layer 304 may be integrated with either the first outer layer 302 or the second outer layer 306. For example, the first outer layer 302 may comprise an insulation fill or batting positioned between two films of nylon.	60	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	For example, the first outer layer 302 may comprise a material that is resistant to sun rot such as such as polyester, plastic, and the like. The bottom layer 306 may comprise material that is resistant to mildew, mold, and water rot such as nylon. The outer layers 302, 306 may comprise a highly durable material. The material may be textile or sheet, and natural or synthetic. For example, the outer layers 302, 306 may comprise a nylon textile. Additionally, the outer layers 302, 306 may be coated with a water resistant or waterproofing coating. For example, a polyurethane coating may be applied to the outer surfaces of the outer layers 302, 310. Additionally, the top and bottom outer layers 302, 306 may be colored, or coated with a colored coating such as paint. In one embodiment, the color may be selected based on heat reflective or heat absorptive properties. For example, the top layer 302 may be colored black for maximum solar heat absorption. The bottom layer 302 may be colored grey for a high heat transfer rate or to maximize heat retention beneath the cover.	59	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the first outer layer 302 may be positioned on the top of the thermal cover 300 and the second outer layer 306 may be positioned on the bottom of the thermal cover 300. In certain embodiments, the first outer layer 302 and the second outer layer 306 may comprise the same or similar material. Alternatively, the first outer layer 302 and the second outer layer 306 may comprise different materials, each material possessing properties beneficial to the specified surface environment.	58	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	FIG. 3 illustrates one embodiment of a multilayer modular heated cover 300. In one embodiment, the thermal cover 300 includes a first outer layer 302, an insulation layer 304, a resistive element 208, a heat spreading element 210, and a second outer layer 306. In one embodiment, the layers of the thermal cover 300 comprise fire retardant material. In one embodiment, the materials used in the various layers of the thermal cover 300 are selected for high durability in an outdoor environment, light weight, fire retardant, sun and water rot resistant characteristics, water resistant characteristics, pliability, and the like. For example, the thermal cover 300 may comprise material suitable for one man to fold, carry, and spread the thermal cover 300 in a wet, rugged, and cold environment. Therefore, the material is preferably lightweight, durable, water resistant, fire retardant, and the like. Additionally, the material may be selected based on cost effectiveness.	57	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Consequently, the present invention allows up to two or more thermal covers 200 to be modularly connected such that about five hundred and six square feet are covered and heated using the present invention. Advantageously, the five hundred and six square feet are heated using a single 120 Volt circuit protected by up to a 20 Amp breaker. Tests of certain embodiments of the present invention have been conducted in which two thermal covers 200 were modularly connected to cover about five hundred and six square feet. Those of skill in the art will recognize that more than two thermal covers may be connected on a single 120 Volt circuit with up to a 20 Amp breaker if the watts used per foot is lowered.	56	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Alternative embodiments of the modular heated cover may include a top layer and a bottom layer, wherein the top and bottom layers provide durable protection in an outdoor environment, a resistive element between the top and the bottom layers for converting electric current to heat energy, a planar heat spreading element in contact with the resistive element for distributing the heat energy generated by the resistive element, an air isolation flap configured to prevent heat loss to air circulation, an electrical power connection for obtaining electrical energy from a power source, and an electric power coupling for conveying electrical energy from a first modular heated cover to a second modular heated cover.	18	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the thermal cover 200 may be twelve feet by twenty-five feet in dimension. In another embodiment, the thermal cover 200 may be six feet by twenty-five feet. In a more preferred embodiment, the thermal cover 200 is eleven feet by twenty three feet. Alternatively, the thermal cover 200 may be two to four feet by fifty feet to provide thermal protection to the top of concrete forms. Additional alternative dimensional embodiments may exist. Consequently, the thermal cover 200 in different size configurations covers between about one square foot up to about two-hundred and fifty-three square feet.	54	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In certain additional embodiments, the thermal cover 200 may include one or more creases 220 to facilitate folding the thermal cover 200. The creases 220 may be oriented across the width or length of the thermal cover 200. In one embodiment, the crease 220 is formed by heat welding a first outer layer to a second outer layer. Preferably, the thermal cover 200 comprises pliable material, however the creases 220 may facilitate folding a plurality of layers of the thermal cover 200.	53	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Additionally, the thermal cover 200 may include a Ground Fault Interrupter (GFI) or Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) safety device 218. The GFI device 218 may be coupled to the power connection 212. In certain embodiments, the GFI device 218 may be connected to the resistive element 208 and interrupt the circuit created by the resistive element 208. The GFI device 218 may be provided to protect the thermal cover 200 from damage from spikes in electric current delivered by the power source 110.	52	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the electrical connection 216 is an insulated wire conductor for transferring power to the next thermal cover 200 in a modular chain. The electrical connection 216 may be connected to the electric plug 212 and the electric socket 214 for a power transfer interface. In one embodiment, the electrical connection 216 is configured to create a parallel chain of active electrical heating elements 210. Alternatively, the electrical connection 216 is configured to create a series configuration of active electrical heating elements 210. In an alternative embodiment, the resistive element 212 may additionally provide the electrical connection 216 without requiring a separate conductor. In certain embodiments, the electrical connection 216 may be configured to provide electrical power to a plurality of electrical power couplings 214 positioned at distributed points on the thermal cover 200 for convenience in coupling multiple modular thermal covers 200. For example, a second thermal cover 200 may be connected to a first thermal cover 200 by corresponding power couplings 214 to facilitate positioning of the thermal covers end to end, side by side, in a staggered configuration, or the like.	51	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the thermal cover 200 includes means, such as electrical coupling connections 106, for electric power transfer from one thermal cover 200 to another in a modular chain. For example, the thermal cover 200 may include an electric connection 212 and an electric coupling 214. In one embodiment, the electric connection 212 and the electric coupling 214 may include an electric plug 212 and an electric socket 214, and are configured according to standard requirements according to the power level to be transferred. For example, the electric plug 212 and the electric socket 214 may be standard two prong connectors for low power applications. Alternatively, the plug 212 and socket 214 may be a three prong grounded configuration, or a specialized prong configuration for higher power transfer.	50	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In certain embodiments, the resistive element 208 is in direct contact with the heat spreading element 210 to ensure efficient thermo-coupling. Alternatively, the heat spreading element 210 and the resistive element 208 are integrally formed. For example, the heat spreading element 210 may be formed or molded around the resistive element 208. Alternatively, the resistive element 208 and the heat spreading element 210 may be adhesively coupled.	49	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Additionally, the electrical heating element may comprise a heat spreading element 210. In general terms, the heat spreading element 210 is a layer or material capable of drawing heat from the resistive element 208 and distributing the heat energy away from the resistive element 208. Specifically, the heat spreading element 210 may comprise a metallic foil, graphite, a composite material, or other substantially planar material. Preferably, the heat spreading element 210 comprises a material that is thermally isotropic in one plane. The thermally isotropic material may distribute the heat energy more evenly and more efficiently. One such material suitable for forming the heat spreading layer 210 is GRAFOIL® available from Graftech Inc. located in Lakewood, Ohio. Preferably, the heat spreading element 210 is a planar thermal conductor. In certain embodiments, the heat spreading layer 210 is formed in strips along the length of the resistive element 208. In alternative embodiments, the heat spreading element 210 may comprise a contiguous layer. In certain embodiments, the heat spreading layer 210 may cover substantially the full surface area covered by the thermal cover 200 for even heat distribution across the full area of the thermal cover 200.	48	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the electrical heating element comprises an electro-thermal coupling material or resistive element 208. For example, the resistive element 208 may be a copper conductor. The copper conductor may convert electrical energy to heat energy, and transfer the heat energy to the surrounding environment. Alternatively, the resistive element 208 may comprise another conductor capable of converting electrical energy to heat energy. One skilled in the art of electro-thermal energy conversion will recognize additional material suitable for forming the resistive element 208. Additionally, the resistive element 208 may include one or more layers for electrical insulation, temperature regulation, and ruggedization. In one embodiment, the resistive element 208 may include two conductors connected at one end to create a closed circuit.	47	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM

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