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The substrate may be constructed as a solid component, a porous component, a lattice structure, and/or a combination thereof. |
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The substrate may include a surface modification (in addition to the application of carbon nanotubes); examples include, but are not limited to: media blasting, etching, plasma modifications, seeding, surface coating, and/or nano-coating. |
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Nanotube Structures |
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Nanotube Structures may be made of carbon, titanium, a titanium alloy, a carbon composite material, and/or a titanium composite material. |
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One or more nanotubes may be located on one or more exterior and/or interior surfaces of an implant and orientated in a relatively perpendicular position with respect to the implant face. (Fig. 1 below) |
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The nanotubes may be of various types including single-walled nanotubes, multi-walled nanotubes, or a combination of single-walled and multi-walled nanotubes. |
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Single-walled Nanotube (SWNT) can be a single wall carbon nanotubules construct that is less than 500nm in diameter or less than 100nm in diameter. (Fig. 2 below) |
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Multi-walled Nanotube (MWNT) can be carbon nanotubes/nanotubules less than 500nm in diameter or less than 100nm in diameter, nested in an arrangement wherein one or more smaller tubule/nanotube may be positioned inside a larger tubule/nanotube. The nesting arrangement may be concentric, non-concentric, or a combination thereof. (Fig. 3 below) Multiples walls of the Multi-walled Nanotube may have equal lengths or may be of unequal lengths relative to each other. |
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The subject technology generally relates to an orthopedic implant that incorporates carbon nanotubes on a bone-facing side of the implant that can generate an electric charge to stimulate bone in-growth. Compressive forces acting perpendicular to the tubules generate an electrical charge. Additionally, a charge may be generated via compression, torsion, shear, and/or combination of these. |
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One or more Nanotubes may extend through the Substrate such that an inferior end of the Nanotube extends past an inferior surface of the Substrate and a superior end of the Nanotube may extend past a superior surface of the Substrate. |
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Nanotube structure may consist of a Single-walled Nanotube, Multi-walled Nanotube, and/or a combination thereof. |
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Nanotube structures may be positioned internal to, or within, a loadbearing substrate and/or contained within a non-loadbearing element, such as a loadbearing substrate. |
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Nanotube Structures may have a surface coating and/or nano-coating; examples include but are not limited to: collagen, HA, calcium phosphate, ionic metals, bioactive material(s), and/or bioabsorbable material(s). |
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Nanotube structures may be filled, or partially filled, with a drug, ionic metal, charge storing material, and/or bioabsorbable element(s) and/or molecule(s); examples include but are not limited to: small molecule therapeutic drugs, human growth factors, nucleic acids, proteins, F, Ag, Sr, Mg, Zn, and CO₃. |
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Charge Storing |
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One or more Substrate surfaces may be coated with an elemental carbon, such as graphene. |
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A charge storing coating (one example being an elemental carbon coating) may be positioned on the implant substrate surface and/or between the Nanotube Structures and the Substrate, in between adjacent Nanotubes, adjacent to a bioactive material, and/or a combination thereof. (Fig 4) |
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Charge storing material can be located on the implant surface and/or adjacent to, and/or in communication with the Implant. |
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The implant may include one or more voids in the Substrate of the implant that may include, or be packed with, a biocompatible charge storing material, biodegradable charge storing material, bioabsorbable charge storing material. |
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The one or more voids may be through the entire substrate, to a set depth from an outer surface, may comprise an internal structure of the implant, and/or a combination thereof. (Fig 5) |
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