"View" refers to a sight, scene, or prospect that can be taken in by the eye from a particular place. (Search "view" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2024. Web. Modified. Accessed 8 Jan. 2024.) … more "View" refers to a sight, scene, or prospect that can be taken in by the eye from a particular place. (Search "view" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2024. Web. Modified. Accessed 8 Jan. 2024.)

A “bone model” or “anatomic model” refers to a model of a bone of a person. The bone model may model a single bone or a plurality of bones. The modeled bone and/or bones may be positioned in standard anatomical form and/or may be positioned relative to other bones (e.g., models of bones) of a person such that the positions of the bones in the bone model are the same or substantially the same as corresponding bones of a person, such as a patient. … more A “bone model” or “anatomic model” refers to a model of a bone of a person. The bone model may model a single bone or a plurality of bones. The modeled bone and/or bones may be positioned in standard anatomical form and/or may be positioned relative to other bones (e.g., models of bones) of a person such that the positions of the bones in the bone model are the same or substantially the same as corresponding bones of a person, such as a patient.

“Hole” refers to a gap, an opening, an aperture, a port, a portal, a space or recess in a structure, a void in a structure, or the like. In certain embodiments, a hole can refer to a structure configured specifically for receiving something and/or for allowing access. In certain embodiments, a hole can pass through a structure. In other embodiments, an opening can exist within a structure but not pass through the structure. A hole can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional and can have a variety of geometric shapes and/or cross-sectional shapes, including, but not limited to a rectangle, a square, or other polygon, as well as a circle, an ellipse, an ovoid, or other circular or semi-circular shape. As used herein, the term “hole” can include one or more modifiers that define specific types of “holes” based on the purpose, function, operation, position, or location of the “hole.” As one example, a “fastener hole” refers to an “hole” adapted, configured, designed, or engineered to accept or accommodate a “fastener.” A “blind hole” is a hole with an opening on one side that does not extend all the way through a structure. In certain embodiments, a hole, including a blind hole, has a circular longitudinal cross-section. Alternatively, or in addition, a hole can have a cross-section of a variety of geometric shapes include a circle, an oval, a square, a rectangle, a slot with rounded ends, a triangle, or the like. … more “Hole” refers to a gap, an opening, an aperture, a port, a portal, a space or recess in a structure, a void in a structure, or the like. In certain embodiments, a hole can refer to a structure configured specifically for receiving something and/or for allowing access. In certain embodiments, a hole can pass through a structure. In other embodiments, an opening can exist within a structure but not pass through the structure. A hole can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional and can have a variety of geometric shapes and/or cross-sectional shapes, including, but not limited to a rectangle, a square, or other polygon, as well as a circle, an ellipse, an ovoid, or other circular or semi-circular shape. As used herein, the term “hole” can include one or more modifiers that define specific types of “holes” based on the purpose, function, operation, position, or location of the “hole.” As one example, a “fastener hole” refers to an “hole” adapted, configured, designed, or engineered to accept or accommodate a “fastener.” A “blind hole” is a hole with an opening on one side that does not extend all the way through a structure. In certain embodiments, a hole, including a blind hole, has a circular longitudinal cross-section. Alternatively, or in addition, a hole can have a cross-section of a variety of geometric shapes include a circle, an oval, a square, a rectangle, a slot with rounded ends, a triangle, or the like.

"Jaw" refers to a structure, apparatus, assembly, and/or component configured to engage an object and restrict movement of the object. In certain embodiments, a jaw may restrict movement temporarily, for example during a stage of an operation or a procedure. Or, a jaw may restrict movement of the object permanently. Often, a jaw may include one or more teeth and may have a form or configuration that can resemble the jaw of a person or animal. In certain embodiments, a jaw may also be referred to as a holder, a grip, a pincer, a clamp, or the like. … more "Jaw" refers to a structure, apparatus, assembly, and/or component configured to engage an object and restrict movement of the object. In certain embodiments, a jaw may restrict movement temporarily, for example during a stage of an operation or a procedure. Or, a jaw may restrict movement of the object permanently. Often, a jaw may include one or more teeth and may have a form or configuration that can resemble the jaw of a person or animal. In certain embodiments, a jaw may also be referred to as a holder, a grip, a pincer, a clamp, or the like.

"Ovality" refers to the deviation of a geometric shape from being a perfect circle, where the shape takes on an oval or elliptical form. It is a measure of how much an object, such as a cylindrical or circular structure, deviates from a true circular shape. The term "ovality" is often used in the context of engineering, manufacturing, and quality control to describe the variation in shape of circular objects. Ovality is typically expressed as a ratio or percentage that represents the difference between the major and minor axes of the shape. Mathematically, ovality (O) can be defined as: (Maximum Diameter - Minimum Diameter) divided by Maximum Diameter. The Maximum Diameter is the major axis of the shape and the Minimum Diameter is the minor axis of the shape. Ovality values range from 0 (perfect circle) to 1 (maximum deviation, forming a straight line). A higher ovality value indicates a more pronounced deviation from circularity. (© ChatGPT Aug. 3.5 Version, Modified, accessed chat.openai.com/chat Dec. 8, 2023). … more "Ovality" refers to the deviation of a geometric shape from being a perfect circle, where the shape takes on an oval or elliptical form. It is a measure of how much an object, such as a cylindrical or circular structure, deviates from a true circular shape. The term "ovality" is often used in the context of engineering, manufacturing, and quality control to describe the variation in shape of circular objects. Ovality is typically expressed as a ratio or percentage that represents the difference between the major and minor axes of the shape. Mathematically, ovality (O) can be defined as: (Maximum Diameter - Minimum Diameter) divided by Maximum Diameter. The Maximum Diameter is the major axis of the shape and the Minimum Diameter is the minor axis of the shape. Ovality values range from 0 (perfect circle) to 1 (maximum deviation, forming a straight line). A higher ovality value indicates a more pronounced deviation from circularity. (© ChatGPT Aug. 3.5 Version, Modified, accessed chat.openai.com/chat Dec. 8, 2023).

"Cutting tool" refers to any tool that can be used to cut or resect another object. In particular, a cutting tool can refer to a manual or power tool for cutting or resecting tissue of a patient. Examples of cutting tools include, but are not limited to, a burr, rotary cutting tools such as a burr, router bit, drill bit, an oscillating saw, a reciprocating saw, a grater saw, a drill, a drill bit, a mill bit, a router bit, a side-cutting burr, or the like. … more "Cutting tool" refers to any tool that can be used to cut or resect another object. In particular, a cutting tool can refer to a manual or power tool for cutting or resecting tissue of a patient. Examples of cutting tools include, but are not limited to, a burr, rotary cutting tools such as a burr, router bit, drill bit, an oscillating saw, a reciprocating saw, a grater saw, a drill, a drill bit, a mill bit, a router bit, a side-cutting burr, or the like.

"Pivot arm" refers to a structure that extends from another structure. Often, a pivot arm has similar size, shape, dimensions, and/or orientation as an arm of a person or animal. A pivot arm is a structure about which the structure connected to the pivot arm pivots or rotates. In certain embodiments, an axis that runs through the center of a pivot arm is also a pivot axis and can be a fulcrum where the pivot arm is part of a lever. … more "Pivot arm" refers to a structure that extends from another structure. Often, a pivot arm has similar size, shape, dimensions, and/or orientation as an arm of a person or animal. A pivot arm is a structure about which the structure connected to the pivot arm pivots or rotates. In certain embodiments, an axis that runs through the center of a pivot arm is also a pivot axis and can be a fulcrum where the pivot arm is part of a lever.

"First-class Lever" refers to a type of lever. A lever is a simple machine that includes a fulcrum, a lever arm, and a load arm. In a first-class lever, the lever arm and load arm are on opposite ends of a rigid structure and the fulcrum engages with, and enables, the rigid structure to pivot or rotate about an axis transverse to the rigid structure and positioned at the fulcrum. The fulcrum is between the load arm and the lever arm. The lever arm receives or encounters an effort force and the load arm receives or encounters a load. Traditionally, the rigid structure is a planar structure, however, the rigid structure can also be a cylindrical structure that may or may not have an opening that extends the length of and through the center of the cylindrical structure. The lever arm is the part of the rigid structure that accepts or receives an effort force applied to the lever arm to operate the lever. The load arm is the part of the rigid structure that accepts, receives, or acts against a load. A load force is a force created by the load arm in response to the effort force applied to the lever arm. a fulcrum is a point or structure about which a lever pivots or rotates. The length of the lever arm is the distance from where the effort force is applied to the fulcrum. The length of the load arm is the distance from the fulcrum to where the load arm encounters the load. A fulcrum is a pivot point or pivot axis of the lever that converts an effort force applied perpendicular to the lever arm into a load force perpendicular to the load where the load arm contacts the load. Applying an effort force to the lever arm creates a moment or torque about the fulcrum equal to the magnitude of the force multiplied by the length of the lever arm (e.g., the distance from where the effort force is applied along the lever arm to the fulcrum). The lever arm and effort force create a mechanical advantage at the point that the load arm encounters the load. Specifically, the mechanical advantage is defined as the length of the lever arm divided by the length of the load arm. The mechanical advantage provides a magnitude for how much the effort force is multiplied. In a first-class lever configuration, the force on the load is equal to the effort force multiplied by the length of the lever arm (the distance between where the effort force is applied perpendicular to the lever arm and the fulcrum). This is known as the principle of torque. Thus, in general, the longer the lever arm the greater the force applied to the load with the same level of effort force. The present disclosure uses the benefits of a first-class lever. Of course, other embodiments may implement a second-class or third-class lever to facilitate applying a force to a load. … more "First-class Lever" refers to a type of lever. A lever is a simple machine that includes a fulcrum, a lever arm, and a load arm. In a first-class lever, the lever arm and load arm are on opposite ends of a rigid structure and the fulcrum engages with, and enables, the rigid structure to pivot or rotate about an axis transverse to the rigid structure and positioned at the fulcrum. The fulcrum is between the load arm and the lever arm. The lever arm receives or encounters an effort force and the load arm receives or encounters a load. Traditionally, the rigid structure is a planar structure, however, the rigid structure can also be a cylindrical structure that may or may not have an opening that extends the length of and through the center of the cylindrical structure. The lever arm is the part of the rigid structure that accepts or receives an effort force applied to the lever arm to operate the lever. The load arm is the part of the rigid structure that accepts, receives, or acts against a load. A load force is a force created by the load arm in response to the effort force applied to the lever arm. a fulcrum is a point or structure about which a lever pivots or rotates. The length of the lever arm is the distance from where the effort force is applied to the fulcrum. The length of the load arm is the distance from the fulcrum to where the load arm encounters the load. A fulcrum is a pivot point or pivot axis of the lever that converts an effort force applied perpendicular to the lever arm into a load force perpendicular to the load where the load arm contacts the load. Applying an effort force to the lever arm creates a moment or torque about the fulcrum equal to the magnitude of the force multiplied by the length of the lever arm (e.g., the distance from where the effort force is applied along the lever arm to the fulcrum). The lever arm and effort force create a mechanical advantage at the point that the load arm encounters the load. Specifically, the mechanical advantage is defined as the length of the lever arm divided by the length of the load arm. The mechanical advantage provides a magnitude for how much the effort force is multiplied. In a first-class lever configuration, the force on the load is equal to the effort force multiplied by the length of the lever arm (the distance between where the effort force is applied perpendicular to the lever arm and the fulcrum). This is known as the principle of torque. Thus, in general, the longer the lever arm the greater the force applied to the load with the same level of effort force. The present disclosure uses the benefits of a first-class lever. Of course, other embodiments may implement a second-class or third-class lever to facilitate applying a force to a load.

"Window" refers to an opening and/or a plurality of openings in a body, side, wall, side door, roof, vehicle, system, component, or other structure that allows the passage of electromagnetic radiation including radio ways, x-rays, visible light, light, and the like. A window may also permit passage of sound, gases, fluids, liquids, or other elements. (Search “window” on Wikipedia.com Aug 31, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.). A window can be opaque, semi-opaque, translucent, radiolucent, or transparent. A window can include a single opening having a single geometric shape or a plurality of openings each of a single geometric shape or combination of a variety of geometric shapes. In certain embodiments, a window may be referred to as a radiolucent window. A radiolucent window may permit passage of some or all radio ways through the window. … more "Window" refers to an opening and/or a plurality of openings in a body, side, wall, side door, roof, vehicle, system, component, or other structure that allows the passage of electromagnetic radiation including radio ways, x-rays, visible light, light, and the like. A window may also permit passage of sound, gases, fluids, liquids, or other elements. (Search “window” on Wikipedia.com Aug 31, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.). A window can be opaque, semi-opaque, translucent, radiolucent, or transparent. A window can include a single opening having a single geometric shape or a plurality of openings each of a single geometric shape or combination of a variety of geometric shapes. In certain embodiments, a window may be referred to as a radiolucent window. A radiolucent window may permit passage of some or all radio ways through the window.

"Connector" refers to any structure configured, engineered, designed, adapted, and/or arranged to connect one structure, component, element, or apparatus to another structure, component, element, or apparatus. A connector can be rigid, pliable, elastic, flexible, and/or semiflexible. Examples of a connector include but are not limited to any fastener. A connector can be a slot, channel, tube, pipe, opening, or other structure the connects and/or joins two slots, channels, tubes, pipes, openings, or other structures. … more "Connector" refers to any structure configured, engineered, designed, adapted, and/or arranged to connect one structure, component, element, or apparatus to another structure, component, element, or apparatus. A connector can be rigid, pliable, elastic, flexible, and/or semiflexible. Examples of a connector include but are not limited to any fastener. A connector can be a slot, channel, tube, pipe, opening, or other structure the connects and/or joins two slots, channels, tubes, pipes, openings, or other structures.

A "corrected position" refers to an anatomical structure positioned to remediate, correct, eliminate, and/or overcome a deformity. … more A "corrected position" refers to an anatomical structure positioned to remediate, correct, eliminate, and/or overcome a deformity.

"Bone engagement feature" refers to a structure, feature, component, aspect configured to contact, touch, abut, and/or engage with a bone, a bone part, bony topography (e.g., bone spurs and calcifications), anatomical bone feature, and/or a bone fragment. A bone engagement feature may enable temporary engagement with a bone or bone fragment or permanent engagement with a bone or bone fragment. A bone engagement feature may include a bone engagement surface and/or a body section that supports the bone engagement surface. In certain embodiments, a bone engagement feature may include a bone probe or a joint seeker. In one embodiment, a bone engagement feature may include a landmark registration feature. Alternatively, or in addition, a bone engagement feature can include a bone attachment feature configured to engage with bone and/or to cooperate with a fastener to engage with bone. A patient-specific bone engagement feature is a bone engagement feature that includes one or more aspects that are patient-specific. The patient-specific aspects can include, but are not limited to, a surface contour, a contour for a part of a surface, a position for a resection feature, a size, shape and/or configuration of a resection feature, a position, size, shape, and/or number of bone attachment features, or the like. … more "Bone engagement feature" refers to a structure, feature, component, aspect configured to contact, touch, abut, and/or engage with a bone, a bone part, bony topography (e.g., bone spurs and calcifications), anatomical bone feature, and/or a bone fragment. A bone engagement feature may enable temporary engagement with a bone or bone fragment or permanent engagement with a bone or bone fragment. A bone engagement feature may include a bone engagement surface and/or a body section that supports the bone engagement surface. In certain embodiments, a bone engagement feature may include a bone probe or a joint seeker. In one embodiment, a bone engagement feature may include a landmark registration feature. Alternatively, or in addition, a bone engagement feature can include a bone attachment feature configured to engage with bone and/or to cooperate with a fastener to engage with bone. A patient-specific bone engagement feature is a bone engagement feature that includes one or more aspects that are patient-specific. The patient-specific aspects can include, but are not limited to, a surface contour, a contour for a part of a surface, a position for a resection feature, a size, shape and/or configuration of a resection feature, a position, size, shape, and/or number of bone attachment features, or the like.

“Anatomical structure” or "Anatomy" refers to any part or portion of a part of a body of a person, animal, or other patient. Examples of anatomical structures, include but are not limited to, a bone, bones, soft tissue, a joint, joints, a tissue surface, a protrusion, a recess, an opening, skin, hard tissue, teeth, mouth, eyes, hair, nails, fingers, toes, legs, arms, torso, vertebrae, ligaments, tendons, organs, or the like. … more “Anatomical structure” or "Anatomy" refers to any part or portion of a part of a body of a person, animal, or other patient. Examples of anatomical structures, include but are not limited to, a bone, bones, soft tissue, a joint, joints, a tissue surface, a protrusion, a recess, an opening, skin, hard tissue, teeth, mouth, eyes, hair, nails, fingers, toes, legs, arms, torso, vertebrae, ligaments, tendons, organs, or the like.

"Resection Window" refers to a window designed, engineered, configured, manufactured, developed, and/or fabricated to facilitate performing a resection step or procedure. … more "Resection Window" refers to a window designed, engineered, configured, manufactured, developed, and/or fabricated to facilitate performing a resection step or procedure.

"Midfoot Bone" refers to any bone of a foot of a human or animal between the ankle and the toes. For example, in a human a midfoot bone can include any of the metatarsus including a first metatarsal bone, second metatarsal bone, third metatarsal bone, fourth metatarsal bone, and fifth metatarsal bone; a medial cuneiform bone, an intermediate cuneiform bone, a lateral cuneiform bone, a cuboid bone, a talus bone, and the like. … more "Midfoot Bone" refers to any bone of a foot of a human or animal between the ankle and the toes. For example, in a human a midfoot bone can include any of the metatarsus including a first metatarsal bone, second metatarsal bone, third metatarsal bone, fourth metatarsal bone, and fifth metatarsal bone; a medial cuneiform bone, an intermediate cuneiform bone, a lateral cuneiform bone, a cuboid bone, a talus bone, and the like.

"Patient-specific feature" refers to a feature, function, structure, device, guide, tool, instrument, apparatus, member, component, system, assembly, module, or subsystem that is adjusted, tailored, modified, organized, configured, designed, arranged, engineered, and/or fabricated to specifically address the anatomy, physiology, condition, abnormalities, needs, or desires of a particular patient or surgeon serving the particular patient. In one aspect, a patient specific feature is unique to a single patient and may include features unique to the patient such as a number of cut channels, a number of bone attachment features, a number of bone engagement surfaces, a number of resection features, a depth of one or more cutting channels, an angle for one or more resection channels, a surface contour, component position, component orientation, and/or other features. … more "Patient-specific feature" refers to a feature, function, structure, device, guide, tool, instrument, apparatus, member, component, system, assembly, module, or subsystem that is adjusted, tailored, modified, organized, configured, designed, arranged, engineered, and/or fabricated to specifically address the anatomy, physiology, condition, abnormalities, needs, or desires of a particular patient or surgeon serving the particular patient. In one aspect, a patient specific feature is unique to a single patient and may include features unique to the patient such as a number of cut channels, a number of bone attachment features, a number of bone engagement surfaces, a number of resection features, a depth of one or more cutting channels, an angle for one or more resection channels, a surface contour, component position, component orientation, and/or other features.

"Bone attachment feature" refers to a structure, feature, component, aspect configured to securely connect, couple, attach, and/or engage a structure, component, object, or body with a bone and/or a bone fragment. A bone attachment feature may enable temporary engagement with a bone or bone fragment or permanent engagement with a bone or bone fragment. Examples of a bone attachment feature, include, but are not limited to, a pin, a spike, a tine, a K-wire, a screw, or other fastener alone, or a fastener in combination with, a hole, passage, and/or opening, an adhesive, a cement, a barb, a prong, or the like. … more "Bone attachment feature" refers to a structure, feature, component, aspect configured to securely connect, couple, attach, and/or engage a structure, component, object, or body with a bone and/or a bone fragment. A bone attachment feature may enable temporary engagement with a bone or bone fragment or permanent engagement with a bone or bone fragment. Examples of a bone attachment feature, include, but are not limited to, a pin, a spike, a tine, a K-wire, a screw, or other fastener alone, or a fastener in combination with, a hole, passage, and/or opening, an adhesive, a cement, a barb, a prong, or the like.

"Predetermined Position" refers to a position that is decided, determined, finalized, and/or defined earlier in time. In certain embodiments, a predetermined position is a desired, designed, and/or engineered position of a first object in relation to a second object. Thus, a predetermined position is a planned position for the two objects in relation to each other. In certain embodiments, one or both of the two objects may be moved relative to each other to accomplish the predetermined position and the predetermined position may become the final position. In other embodiments, the two objects may be moved towards the predetermined position but may not reach the exact predetermined position due to some impediment and/or interference or a decision to change the predetermined position to a new position. In certain aspects, a predetermined position may be a position that is decided after a process of recommendation, review, and/or analysis, and final approval such that a position may not become a predetermined position until the process is completed. For example, in a medical patient-specific instrument or technique design process a position may not become the predetermined position until a surgeon or other doctor provides final approval for the position. … more "Predetermined Position" refers to a position that is decided, determined, finalized, and/or defined earlier in time. In certain embodiments, a predetermined position is a desired, designed, and/or engineered position of a first object in relation to a second object. Thus, a predetermined position is a planned position for the two objects in relation to each other. In certain embodiments, one or both of the two objects may be moved relative to each other to accomplish the predetermined position and the predetermined position may become the final position. In other embodiments, the two objects may be moved towards the predetermined position but may not reach the exact predetermined position due to some impediment and/or interference or a decision to change the predetermined position to a new position. In certain aspects, a predetermined position may be a position that is decided after a process of recommendation, review, and/or analysis, and final approval such that a position may not become a predetermined position until the process is completed. For example, in a medical patient-specific instrument or technique design process a position may not become the predetermined position until a surgeon or other doctor provides final approval for the position.

As used herein, "bone engagement surface" refers to a surface of an object, instrument, or apparatus, such as an implant that is oriented toward or faces one or more bones of a patient. In one aspect, the bone engagement surface may abut, touch, or contact a surface of a bone. In another aspect, the bone engagement surface or parts of the bone engagement surface may be close to, but not abut, touch, or contact a surface of the bone. In certain aspects, the bone engagement surface can be configured to engage with a surface of one or more bones. Such a bone engagement surface may include projections and recesses that correspond to and match projections and recesses of the one or more bone surfaces. In certain embodiments, a bone engagement surface is an implementation and/or part of a structure that implements a bone engagement feature. … more As used herein, "bone engagement surface" refers to a surface of an object, instrument, or apparatus, such as an implant that is oriented toward or faces one or more bones of a patient. In one aspect, the bone engagement surface may abut, touch, or contact a surface of a bone. In another aspect, the bone engagement surface or parts of the bone engagement surface may be close to, but not abut, touch, or contact a surface of the bone. In certain aspects, the bone engagement surface can be configured to engage with a surface of one or more bones. Such a bone engagement surface may include projections and recesses that correspond to and match projections and recesses of the one or more bone surfaces. In certain embodiments, a bone engagement surface is an implementation and/or part of a structure that implements a bone engagement feature.

"Defoamer" refers to an apparatus, instrument, structure, member, device, component, system, or assembly structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to remove and/or mitigate the presence of foam or bubbles in a fluid. In certain embodiments, a defoamer can also include features that remove or eliminate particulates, debris, air bubbles and other bubbles in a fluid. In certain embodiments, a defoamer is a specialized filter that concentrates on the removal of bubbles and/or air in a fluid. … more "Defoamer" refers to an apparatus, instrument, structure, member, device, component, system, or assembly structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to remove and/or mitigate the presence of foam or bubbles in a fluid. In certain embodiments, a defoamer can also include features that remove or eliminate particulates, debris, air bubbles and other bubbles in a fluid. In certain embodiments, a defoamer is a specialized filter that concentrates on the removal of bubbles and/or air in a fluid.