As used herein, “corner" refers to a point or area where converging lines, edges, or sides meet. Corner can also refer to an angular part or space between meeting lines, edges, or borders near the vertex of an angle. … more As used herein, “corner" refers to a point or area where converging lines, edges, or sides meet. Corner can also refer to an angular part or space between meeting lines, edges, or borders near the vertex of an angle.

"Window" refers to an opening and/or a plurality of openings in a body, side, wall, side door, roof, vehicle, system, component, or other structure that allows the passage of electromagnetic radiation including radio ways, x-rays, visible light, light, and the like. A window may also permit passage of sound, gases, fluids, liquids, or other elements. (Search “window” on Wikipedia.com Aug 31, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.). A window can be opaque, semi-opaque, translucent, radiolucent, or transparent. A window can include a single opening having a single geometric shape or a plurality of openings each of a single geometric shape or combination of a variety of geometric shapes. In certain embodiments, a window may be referred to as a radiolucent window. A radiolucent window may permit passage of some or all radio ways through the window. … more "Window" refers to an opening and/or a plurality of openings in a body, side, wall, side door, roof, vehicle, system, component, or other structure that allows the passage of electromagnetic radiation including radio ways, x-rays, visible light, light, and the like. A window may also permit passage of sound, gases, fluids, liquids, or other elements. (Search “window” on Wikipedia.com Aug 31, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.). A window can be opaque, semi-opaque, translucent, radiolucent, or transparent. A window can include a single opening having a single geometric shape or a plurality of openings each of a single geometric shape or combination of a variety of geometric shapes. In certain embodiments, a window may be referred to as a radiolucent window. A radiolucent window may permit passage of some or all radio ways through the window.

"Porosity" refers to a measure of how porous a material, object or structure is. Porosity can be expressed as a ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. Porosity can be expressed as a percentage of the ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. (Search "porosity" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 28 Sept. 2022) … more "Porosity" refers to a measure of how porous a material, object or structure is. Porosity can be expressed as a ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. Porosity can be expressed as a percentage of the ratio of the volume of pores in an object to the total volume of the object. (Search "porosity" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 28 Sept. 2022)

As used herein, “locus” refers to a place or area where something is situated or occurs. Locus can also refer to a center of activity, attention, or concentration and/or the set of all points whose location is determined by stated conditions. (search "locus" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 30 Aug. 2021. Modified.) A locus may be defined using various techniques, formulae, algorithms, representations, and/or models. For example, a geometric point, a line, a plane, 2D shape, or 3D shape in a three-dimensional coordinate system may define a locus. Alternatively, or in addition, a mathematical formula and/or an algorithm may define the locus for a mesh. A locus serves as a reference for another characteristic, attribute, or feature. … more As used herein, “locus” refers to a place or area where something is situated or occurs. Locus can also refer to a center of activity, attention, or concentration and/or the set of all points whose location is determined by stated conditions. (search "locus" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 30 Aug. 2021. Modified.) A locus may be defined using various techniques, formulae, algorithms, representations, and/or models. For example, a geometric point, a line, a plane, 2D shape, or 3D shape in a three-dimensional coordinate system may define a locus. Alternatively, or in addition, a mathematical formula and/or an algorithm may define the locus for a mesh. A locus serves as a reference for another characteristic, attribute, or feature.

"Pore configuration relationship" refers to a relationship, or association, between an attribute, feature, or configuration aspect of a pore relative to one or more references and a determinable attribute. In certain embodiments, a pore configuration relationship includes a pore diameter (aka pore size) which is the attribute, a locus can serve as the reference, and a distance or range of distances between the pore and the reference is the determinable attribute. … more "Pore configuration relationship" refers to a relationship, or association, between an attribute, feature, or configuration aspect of a pore relative to one or more references and a determinable attribute. In certain embodiments, a pore configuration relationship includes a pore diameter (aka pore size) which is the attribute, a locus can serve as the reference, and a distance or range of distances between the pore and the reference is the determinable attribute.

"Load" refers to a force, deformation, or acceleration applied to structure, component, apparatus, system, structural element, or the like. A load can cause stress, deformation, and displacement in a structure. (Search “structural load” on Wikipedia.com Sept. 1, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.). … more "Load" refers to a force, deformation, or acceleration applied to structure, component, apparatus, system, structural element, or the like. A load can cause stress, deformation, and displacement in a structure. (Search “structural load” on Wikipedia.com Sept. 1, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.).

"Radiolucent window" refers to a window that permits the passage of radiant energy and electromagnetic radiant energy, in particular, such as x-rays used in an x-ray machine and/or in a fluoroscopy imaging device. … more "Radiolucent window" refers to a window that permits the passage of radiant energy and electromagnetic radiant energy, in particular, such as x-rays used in an x-ray machine and/or in a fluoroscopy imaging device.

"Transition feature" refers to a model, modifier, formula, algorithm, modification factor, set of modification instructions or the like that influences how an aspect, attribute, configuration aspect, or characteristic is to change from a first state or context to a second state or context. For example, in one embodiment, a transition feature may be a modifier for a formula in which the modifier changes based on how far a mesh position is from an intersection of the transition feature and a sidewall of a structure or model. … more "Transition feature" refers to a model, modifier, formula, algorithm, modification factor, set of modification instructions or the like that influences how an aspect, attribute, configuration aspect, or characteristic is to change from a first state or context to a second state or context. For example, in one embodiment, a transition feature may be a modifier for a formula in which the modifier changes based on how far a mesh position is from an intersection of the transition feature and a sidewall of a structure or model.

"Midpoint" refers to a point along a structure, object, component, plane, or line that is midway between opposite ends of the structure, object, component, plane, or line. … more "Midpoint" refers to a point along a structure, object, component, plane, or line that is midway between opposite ends of the structure, object, component, plane, or line.

“Curved corner" refers to a corner in which converging lines, edges, or sides meet by way of an arc that connects converging lines, edges, or sides. In a two-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of a single curve. In a three-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of an interior line segment and an external line segment. Certain implementations of a three-dimensional curved corner may include a curved interior line segment and a curved external line segment. In other implementations, either the interior line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, or both the interior line segment and the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle. … more “Curved corner" refers to a corner in which converging lines, edges, or sides meet by way of an arc that connects converging lines, edges, or sides. In a two-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of a single curve. In a three-dimensional shape, a curved corner may join the converging lines, edges, or sides by way of an interior line segment and an external line segment. Certain implementations of a three-dimensional curved corner may include a curved interior line segment and a curved external line segment. In other implementations, either the interior line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle, or both the interior line segment and the external line segment may form a right angle or an acute angle.

"Cross section" or "cross-section" refers to the non-empty intersection of a body in three-dimensional space with a plane, or the analog in higher-dimensional spaces. (Search “cross section” on Wikipedia.com March 7, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.) … more "Cross section" or "cross-section" refers to the non-empty intersection of a body in three-dimensional space with a plane, or the analog in higher-dimensional spaces. (Search “cross section” on Wikipedia.com March 7, 2022. Modified. Accessed Sept. 21, 2022.)

"Sidewall" refers to a wall forming a side of a structure, object, component, or system. (Search "sidewall" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Accessed 21 Sept. 2022) … more "Sidewall" refers to a wall forming a side of a structure, object, component, or system. (Search "sidewall" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Accessed 21 Sept. 2022)

"Profile" refers to the outermost shape, view, or edge of an object. (Search "profile" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Accessed 21 Sept. 2022) … more "Profile" refers to the outermost shape, view, or edge of an object. (Search "profile" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Accessed 21 Sept. 2022)

"Mesh surface" refers to a surface formed by a mesh or lattice structure. … more "Mesh surface" refers to a surface formed by a mesh or lattice structure.

"Frame member" refers to a component, subcomponent, or part of a frame. … more "Frame member" refers to a component, subcomponent, or part of a frame.

A “gyroid triply periodic minimal surface” refers to a type of TPMS surface. A gyroid is a type of infinitely connected surface that Alan Schoen discovered in 1970. A gyroid surface is a type of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) that can be generated using a mesh generating software tool or feature of a CAD/CAM/CAE tool. Advantageously, a gyroid surface has a high surface area. A gyroid triply periodic minimal surface may originate from a triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) field. … more A “gyroid triply periodic minimal surface” refers to a type of TPMS surface. A gyroid is a type of infinitely connected surface that Alan Schoen discovered in 1970. A gyroid surface is a type of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) that can be generated using a mesh generating software tool or feature of a CAD/CAM/CAE tool. Advantageously, a gyroid surface has a high surface area. A gyroid triply periodic minimal surface may originate from a triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) field.

As used herein, a “graft," "tissue graft," and/or "bone graft" refers to a surgical procedure to move tissue (hard and/or soft tissue) from one site to another on the body, or from another creature, without bringing its own blood supply with the tissue. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after the tissue is placed. A similar technique where tissue is transferred with the blood supply intact is called a flap. (Search 'Graft (surgery)' on Wikipedia.com April 21, 2021. Modified. Accessed Aug. 30, 2021.) "Graft" may also be used to refer to the tissue and/or synthetic composition used for a graft surgical procedure. Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone in order to repair bone fractures. Bone generally has the ability to regenerate completely but may require a small fracture space and/or a scaffold to do so. Bone grafts may be autologous (bone harvested from the patient’s own body, often from the iliac crest), allograft (cadaveric bone usually obtained from a bone bank), or synthetic (often made of hydroxyapatite (HA) or other naturally occurring and biocompatible substances) with similar mechanical properties to bone. Generally, bone grafts are expected to be reabsorbed and replaced as natural bone heals over a few months’ time. (Search 'Bone Grafting' on Wikipedia.com April 21, 2021. Modified. Accessed Aug. 30, 2021.) Certain grafts may include a combination of autograft, isograft, allograft, xenograft, and/or synthetic materials in a single bone graft composition. An example of such a compositions, include but is not limited to, Demineralized bone matrix (DBM). Bone graft compositions may include bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). … more As used herein, a “graft," "tissue graft," and/or "bone graft" refers to a surgical procedure to move tissue (hard and/or soft tissue) from one site to another on the body, or from another creature, without bringing its own blood supply with the tissue. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after the tissue is placed. A similar technique where tissue is transferred with the blood supply intact is called a flap. (Search 'Graft (surgery)' on Wikipedia.com April 21, 2021. Modified. Accessed Aug. 30, 2021.) "Graft" may also be used to refer to the tissue and/or synthetic composition used for a graft surgical procedure. Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone in order to repair bone fractures. Bone generally has the ability to regenerate completely but may require a small fracture space and/or a scaffold to do so. Bone grafts may be autologous (bone harvested from the patient’s own body, often from the iliac crest), allograft (cadaveric bone usually obtained from a bone bank), or synthetic (often made of hydroxyapatite (HA) or other naturally occurring and biocompatible substances) with similar mechanical properties to bone. Generally, bone grafts are expected to be reabsorbed and replaced as natural bone heals over a few months’ time. (Search 'Bone Grafting' on Wikipedia.com April 21, 2021. Modified. Accessed Aug. 30, 2021.) Certain grafts may include a combination of autograft, isograft, allograft, xenograft, and/or synthetic materials in a single bone graft composition. An example of such a compositions, include but is not limited to, Demineralized bone matrix (DBM). Bone graft compositions may include bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs).

As used herein, "mesh position" refers to a position of a point or area or space within a mesh as indicated by a three-dimensional coordinate system. In certain embodiments, a mesh position can be represented by a three-dimensional unit that is the smallest unit used in the generation, calculation, design, engineering, fabrication, rendering or formation of a mesh. This three dimensional unit may have an x, y, z coordinate in a three-dimensional coordinate system which may, or may not, be centered within the three-dimensional unit. such a three-dimensional unit may be referred to herein as a mesh unit. Alternatively, or in addition, a mesh position can be represented by a point having an x, y, z coordinate in a three-dimensional coordinate system which may, or may not, be a point of reference for the generation, calculation, design, engineering, fabrication, rendering or formation of a mesh. … more As used herein, "mesh position" refers to a position of a point or area or space within a mesh as indicated by a three-dimensional coordinate system. In certain embodiments, a mesh position can be represented by a three-dimensional unit that is the smallest unit used in the generation, calculation, design, engineering, fabrication, rendering or formation of a mesh. This three dimensional unit may have an x, y, z coordinate in a three-dimensional coordinate system which may, or may not, be centered within the three-dimensional unit. such a three-dimensional unit may be referred to herein as a mesh unit. Alternatively, or in addition, a mesh position can be represented by a point having an x, y, z coordinate in a three-dimensional coordinate system which may, or may not, be a point of reference for the generation, calculation, design, engineering, fabrication, rendering or formation of a mesh.

As used herein, “origin” refers to a point of intersection of coordinate axes and/or a point at which something begins or rises or from which that thing derives (search "edge" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 30 Aug. 2021. Modified.) … more As used herein, “origin” refers to a point of intersection of coordinate axes and/or a point at which something begins or rises or from which that thing derives (search "edge" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 30 Aug. 2021. Modified.)

As used herein, "intersection" refers to a point, plane, line, or area where two or more other points, lines, planes, or areas each occupy the same space. … more As used herein, "intersection" refers to a point, plane, line, or area where two or more other points, lines, planes, or areas each occupy the same space.