“Mobile Device” refers to any portable computing or communication device capable of capturing, processing, storing, or transmitting data, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, smart glasses, AR/VR headsets, portable media players, handheld scanners, body-worn cameras, and the like. … more “Mobile Device” refers to any portable computing or communication device capable of capturing, processing, storing, or transmitting data, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, smart glasses, AR/VR headsets, portable media players, handheld scanners, body-worn cameras, and the like.

“Image” refers to any digital or analog pictorial representation of data, including but not limited to two-dimensional frames, multi-frame sequences, three-dimensional or four-dimensional volumes, projections, renderings, heatmaps, probability maps, segmentation masks, depth or disparity maps, and the like. An image may depict physical subjects, scenes, or objects; medical or scientific phenomena (e.g., radiographs, CT, MRI, PET, fluoroscopic views, ultrasound, microscopy), documents, screens or displays, or synthetic or simulated content generated by computation, and may be acquired by cameras, scanners, sensors, or produced by reconstruction, simulation, or other computational processes, and the like. An image may be encoded or stored in any format, resolution, bit depth, sampling scheme, or color space (including grayscale, RGB, multispectral, hyperspectral, RAW, JPEG, PNG, HEIF, TIFF, DICOM, or the like), may include embedded metadata (e.g., timestamps, geolocation, orientation, calibration data, or the like), and may be cropped, scaled, resampled, filtered, denoised, compressed, decompressed, enhanced, super-resolved, deblurred, geometrically transformed, fused, or otherwise processed without ceasing to be an image. For the avoidance of doubt, a single frame extracted from a video stream, a screenshot of on-screen imagery, and a computer-generated rendering are each treated as an image for purposes herein. … more “Image” refers to any digital or analog pictorial representation of data, including but not limited to two-dimensional frames, multi-frame sequences, three-dimensional or four-dimensional volumes, projections, renderings, heatmaps, probability maps, segmentation masks, depth or disparity maps, and the like. An image may depict physical subjects, scenes, or objects; medical or scientific phenomena (e.g., radiographs, CT, MRI, PET, fluoroscopic views, ultrasound, microscopy), documents, screens or displays, or synthetic or simulated content generated by computation, and may be acquired by cameras, scanners, sensors, or produced by reconstruction, simulation, or other computational processes, and the like. An image may be encoded or stored in any format, resolution, bit depth, sampling scheme, or color space (including grayscale, RGB, multispectral, hyperspectral, RAW, JPEG, PNG, HEIF, TIFF, DICOM, or the like), may include embedded metadata (e.g., timestamps, geolocation, orientation, calibration data, or the like), and may be cropped, scaled, resampled, filtered, denoised, compressed, decompressed, enhanced, super-resolved, deblurred, geometrically transformed, fused, or otherwise processed without ceasing to be an image. For the avoidance of doubt, a single frame extracted from a video stream, a screenshot of on-screen imagery, and a computer-generated rendering are each treated as an image for purposes herein.

“Digital Photograph” refers to any electronically captured still image formed by a sensor (e.g., CCD, CMOS, or the like) and stored as a pixel array, whether captured by a mobile device, camera, or computing device, depicting physical subjects or imagery displayed on a screen (including photographs of radiographic or fluoroscopic images shown on a monitor), prints, documents, or the like. A digital photograph also encompasses a single frame extracted from a video stream, as well as computationally produced captures such as HDR composites, low-light “night mode” images, stitched panoramas, or the like. A digital photograph may be encoded in any format, bit depth, or color space (including RAW, JPEG, PNG, HEIF, TIFF, or the like), may include embedded metadata (e.g., EXIF, XMP, geolocation, orientation, timestamps, or the like), and may be cropped, scaled, filtered, denoised, compressed, decompressed, or otherwise transformed without ceasing to be a digital photograph. For the avoidance of doubt, a screen capture (screenshot) of on-screen imagery is treated as a digital photograph for purposes herein. … more “Digital Photograph” refers to any electronically captured still image formed by a sensor (e.g., CCD, CMOS, or the like) and stored as a pixel array, whether captured by a mobile device, camera, or computing device, depicting physical subjects or imagery displayed on a screen (including photographs of radiographic or fluoroscopic images shown on a monitor), prints, documents, or the like. A digital photograph also encompasses a single frame extracted from a video stream, as well as computationally produced captures such as HDR composites, low-light “night mode” images, stitched panoramas, or the like. A digital photograph may be encoded in any format, bit depth, or color space (including RAW, JPEG, PNG, HEIF, TIFF, or the like), may include embedded metadata (e.g., EXIF, XMP, geolocation, orientation, timestamps, or the like), and may be cropped, scaled, filtered, denoised, compressed, decompressed, or otherwise transformed without ceasing to be a digital photograph. For the avoidance of doubt, a screen capture (screenshot) of on-screen imagery is treated as a digital photograph for purposes herein.

“Analyzer” refers to any hardware, software, firmware, circuitry, component, module, logic, device, apparatus, or the like, configured, programmed, designed, arranged, or engineered to process, analyze, examine, and/or review data, including but not limited to digital images, radiographic images, fluoroscopic images, video data, patient information, and the like, and to generate outputs such as annotated images, annotated video sequences, anatomic data for a patient, and the like. The analyzer may be implemented in whole or in part in software, hardware, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the analyzer may include one or more software modules, each of which may carry out specific operations such as image preprocessing, feature extraction, annotation generation, or simulation of corrected anatomy. In additional embodiments, the analyzer may employ one or more artificial intelligence systems, machine learning models, deep learning models, large language models (LLMs), or the like, trained or configured to recognize anatomical landmarks, predict surgical outcomes, generate annotations, or provide recommendations for planned procedures. Such models may be executed locally, remotely, or in distributed form across multiple computing environments. … more “Analyzer” refers to any hardware, software, firmware, circuitry, component, module, logic, device, apparatus, or the like, configured, programmed, designed, arranged, or engineered to process, analyze, examine, and/or review data, including but not limited to digital images, radiographic images, fluoroscopic images, video data, patient information, and the like, and to generate outputs such as annotated images, annotated video sequences, anatomic data for a patient, and the like. The analyzer may be implemented in whole or in part in software, hardware, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the analyzer may include one or more software modules, each of which may carry out specific operations such as image preprocessing, feature extraction, annotation generation, or simulation of corrected anatomy. In additional embodiments, the analyzer may employ one or more artificial intelligence systems, machine learning models, deep learning models, large language models (LLMs), or the like, trained or configured to recognize anatomical landmarks, predict surgical outcomes, generate annotations, or provide recommendations for planned procedures. Such models may be executed locally, remotely, or in distributed form across multiple computing environments.

"Toggle input" refers to any user-initiated action that causes a change in the state of the display between two or more images, views, or modes, including but not limited to pressing a button, clicking with a mouse, tapping a touchscreen, actuating a keyboard key, or operating a hardware or software switch. … more "Toggle input" refers to any user-initiated action that causes a change in the state of the display between two or more images, views, or modes, including but not limited to pressing a button, clicking with a mouse, tapping a touchscreen, actuating a keyboard key, or operating a hardware or software switch.

“Measurement” (or “derived parameter”) refers to a quantitative relationship defined between two or more landmarks, including, without limitation, an angle, distance, ratio, offset, or vector. For example, a measurement may include the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) defined between axes of the first and second metatarsals, the distance between two bony prominences, or a ratio of two anatomical lengths, or the like. … more “Measurement” (or “derived parameter”) refers to a quantitative relationship defined between two or more landmarks, including, without limitation, an angle, distance, ratio, offset, or vector. For example, a measurement may include the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) defined between axes of the first and second metatarsals, the distance between two bony prominences, or a ratio of two anatomical lengths, or the like.