Dave's PCF WIP: Paragraphs

Paragraphs

Actions	Application	Content	Paragraph Number	Notes	Modified
		Content		Paragraph Number	Notes	Any Field
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	The apparatus 800 includes a data recovery module 806 that reads valid data packets from the storage division selected for recovery, queues the valid data packets with other data packets to be written sequentially by the sequential storage module 802, and updates an index with a new physical address of the valid data written by the sequential storage module 802. Typically, the index is the object index mapping data object identifiers of objects to physical addresses of where packets derived from the data object are stored in the solid-state storage 110.	230	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a system 1000 with an apparatus for generating a token directive in accordance with the present invention. The apparatus includes a token directive generation module 1002, a token directive transmission module 1004, a read receiver module 1006, a read request transmission module 1008, a read token directive receiver module 1010, a requesting client response module 1012, and data segment regeneration module 1014, which are described below. In one embodiment, the apparatus is in a server 112 connected to a storage device 150 with a storage controller 152 and a data storage device 154, which are substantially similar to those described above.	245	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	Empty Data Segment Directive	240	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	After the data recovery module 806 completes copying valid data from the storage division, the storage division recovery module 808 marks 914 the storage division selected for recovery as available to the sequential storage module 802 for sequentially writing data packets and the method 900 ends 916.	239	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	The storage division selection module 804 selects 906 a storage division for recovery and the data recovery module 806 reads 908 valid data packets from the storage division selected for recovery. Typically valid data packets are data packets that have not been marked for erasure or deletion or some other invalid data marking and are considered valid or “good” data. The data recovery module 806 queues 910 the valid data packets with other data packets scheduled to be written sequentially by the sequential storage module 802. The data recovery module 806 updates 912 an index with a new physical address of the valid data written by the sequential storage module 802. The index includes a mapping of physical addresses of data packets to object identifiers. The data packets are those stored in stored in the solid-state storage 110 and the object identifiers correspond to the data packets.	238	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method 900 for storage recovery in accordance with the present invention. The method 900 begins 902 and the sequential storage module 802 sequentially writes 904 data packets in a storage division. The storage division is a portion of a solid-state storage 110 in a solid-state storage device 102. Typically a storage division is an erase block. The data packets are derived from an object and the data packets are sequentially stored by order of processing.	237	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	Marking the data packet as invalid rather than actually erasing an invalid data packet is efficient because, as mentioned above, for flash memory and other similar storage an erase operation takes a significant amount of time. Allowing a garbage collection system, as described in the apparatus 800, to operate autonomously within the solid-state storage 110 provides a way to separate erase operations from reads, writes, and other faster operations so that the solid-state storage device 102 can operate much faster than many other solid-state storage systems or data storage devices.	236	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In one embodiment, the apparatus 800 may be utilized to fill the remainder of a virtual page of data following a flush command in order to improve overall performance, where the flush command halts data flowing into the write pipeline 106 until the write pipeline 106 empties and all packets have been permanently written into non-volatile solid-state storage 110. This has the benefit of reducing the amount of garbage collection required, the amount of time used to erase storage divisions, and the amount of time required to program virtual pages. For example, a flush command may be received when only one small packet is prepared for writing into the virtual page of the solid-state storage 110. Programming this nearly empty virtual page might result in a need to immediately recover the wasted space, causing the valid data within the storage division to be unnecessarily garbage collected and the storage division erased, recovered and returned to the pool of available space for writing by the sequential storage module 802.	235	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In one embodiment, the apparatus 800 includes a garbage marking module 812 that identifies a data packet in a storage division as invalid in response to an operation indicating that the data packet is no longer valid. For example, if a data packet is deleted, the garbage marking module 812 may identify the data packet as invalid. A read-modify-write operation is another way for a data packet to be identified as invalid. In one embodiment, the garbage marking module 812 may identify the data packet as invalid by updating an index. In another embodiment, the garbage marking module 812 may identify the data packet as invalid by storing another data packet that indicates that the invalid data packet has been deleted. This is advantageous because storing, in the solid-state storage 110, information that the data packet has been deleted allows the object index reconstruction module 272 or similar module to reconstruct the object index with an entry indicating that the invalid data packet has been deleted.	234	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In one embodiment, the storage division is an erase block and the apparatus 800 includes an erase module 810 that erases an erase block selected for recovery after the data recovery module 806 has copied valid data packets from the selected erase block and before the storage division recovery module 808 marks the erase block as available. For flash memory and other solid-state storage with an erase operation taking much longer than read or write operations, erasing a data block prior to making it available for writing new data is desirable for efficient operation. Where the solid-state storage 110 is arranged in banks 214, the erase operation by the erase module 810 may be executed on one bank while other banks are executing reads, writes, or other operations.	233	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In one embodiment, the apparatus 800 is in a solid-state storage device controller 202 of a solid-state storage device 102. In another embodiment, the apparatus 800 controls a solid-state storage device controller 202. In another embodiment, a portion of the apparatus 800 is in a solid-state storage device controller 202. In another embodiment, the object index updated by the data recovery module 806 is also located in the solid-state storage device controller 202	232	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In one embodiment the apparatus 800 includes a storage division recovery module 808 that prepares the storage division for use or reuse and marks the storage division as available to the sequential storage module 802 for sequentially writing data packets after the data recovery module 806 has completed copying valid data from the storage division. In another embodiment, the apparatus 800 includes a storage division recovery module 808 that marks the storage division selected for recovery as unavailable for storing data. Typically this is due to the storage division selection module 804 identifying a storage division or erase block with a high amount of wear such that the storage division or erase block is not in condition to be used for reliable data storage.	231	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a token directive generation module 1002 that generates a storage request with a token directive. The token directive includes a request to store a data segment token on the storage device 150. The token directive is intended to be substituted for a series of repeated, identical characters or a series of repeated, identical character strings that would be sent to the storage device 150 and stored as a data segment if the data segment token was not sent in its place. In one embodiment, the series of repeated, identical characters indicate that the data segment is empty. For example, the series of repeated, identical characters may be zeros or ones and a data segment filled with zeros or ones may be interpreted as empty.	246	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In another embodiment, the storage division selection module 804 selects a storage division for recovery by identifying a storage division or erase block with a high amount of wear. For example, identifying a storage division or erase block with a high amount of wear may include identifying a storage division with a high number of erase cycles, high bit error rate, a storage division with a non-recoverable ECC block, or high program count. The storage division selection module 804 may also use any combination of the above or other parameters to determine a storage division with a high amount of wear. Selecting a storage division for recovery by determining a storage division with a high amount of wear may be desirable to find storage divisions that are over used, may be recovered by refreshing the storage division using an erase cycle, etc. or to retire the storage division from service as being unusable.	229	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In another embodiment, the storage division selection module 804 selects a storage division for recovery by identifying a storage division or erase block with a low amount of wear. For example, identifying a storage division or erase block with a low amount of wear may include identifying a storage division with a low amount of invalid data, a low number of erase cycles, low bit error rate, or low program count (low number of times a page of data in a buffer is written to a page in the storage division; program count may be measured from when the device was manufactured, from when the storage division was last erased, from other arbitrary events, and from combinations of these). The storage division selection module 804 may also use any combination of the above or other parameters to determine a storage division with a low amount of wear. Selecting a storage division for recovery by determining a storage division with a low amount of wear may be desirable to find storage divisions that are under used, may be recovered for wear leveling, etc.	228	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	The apparatus 800 includes a storage division selection module 804 that selects a storage division for recovery. Selecting a storage division for recovery may be to reuse the storage division by the sequential storage module 802 for writing data, thus adding the recovered storage division to the storage pool, or to recover valid data from the storage division after determining that the storage division is failing, unreliable, should be refreshed, or other reason to take the storage division temporarily or permanently out of the storage pool. In another embodiment, the storage division selection module 804 selects a storage division for recovery by identifying a storage division or erase block with a high amount of invalid data.	227	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	Typically, the packets are sequentially stored by order of processing. In one embodiment, where a write data pipeline 106 is used, the sequential storage module 802 stores packets in the order that they come out of the write data pipeline 106. This order may be a result of data segments arriving from a requesting device 155 mixed with packets of valid data that are being read from another storage division as valid data is being recovered from a storage division during a recovery operation as explained below. Re-routing recovered, valid data packets to the write data pipeline 106 may include the garbage collector bypass 316 as described above in relation to the solid-state storage controller 104 of FIG. 3.	226	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	As used herein, a storage division is equivalent in area to an erase block but may or may not be erased. Where erase block is used herein, an erase block may refer to a particular area of a designated size within a storage element (e.g. SSS 0.0216a) and typically includes a certain quantity of pages. Where “erase block” is used in conjunction with flash memory, it is typically a storage division that is erased prior to being written. Where “erase block” is used with “solid-state storage,” it may or may not be erased. As used herein, an erase block may include one erase block or a group of erase blocks with one erase block in each of a row of storage elements (e.g. SSS 0.0 to SSS M.0216a-n), which may also be referred to herein as a virtual erase block. When referring to the logical construct associated with the virtual erase block, the erase blocks may be referred to herein as a logical erase block (“LEB”).	225	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	The storage division includes a portion of a solid-state storage 110 in a solid-state storage device 102. Typically the storage division is an erase block. For flash memory, an erase operation on an erase block writes ones to every bit in the erase block by charging each cell. This is a lengthy process compared to a program operation which starts with a location being all ones, and as data is written, some bits are changed to zero by discharging the cells written with a zero. However, where the solid-state storage 110 is not flash memory or has flash memory where an erase cycle takes a similar amount of time as other operations, such as a read or a program, the storage division may not be required to be erased.	224	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US8762658B2	In a preferred embodiment, the sequential storage module 802 starts writing packets to storage write buffers in the storage elements (e.g. SSS 0.0 to SSS M.0216) of a bank (bank-0214a). When the storage write buffers are full, the solid-state storage controller 104 causes the data in the storage write buffers to be programmed into designated pages within the storage elements 216 of the bank 214a. Then another bank (e.g. bank-1214b) is selected and the sequential storage module 802 starts writing packets to storage write buffers of the storage elements 218 of the bank 214b while the first bank-0214a is programming the designated pages. When the storage write buffers of this bank 214b are full, the contents of the storage write buffers are programmed into another designated page in each storage element 218. This process is efficient because while one bank 214a is programming a page, storage write buffers of another bank 214b can be filling.	223	Added by DJM 3 2021	3/24/21, 12:00 AM

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