Dave's PCF WIP: Paragraphs

Paragraphs

Actions	Matter	Content	Para #	Notes	Modified
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubules (MWCNT) and Graphene Capacitors: application to spinal implants to enhance bone fusion, and other potential applications in the medical field.	36	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Fig. 5: Loadbearing Substrate shown as transparent. Illustration includes a charge storage layer between Nanotube Structures and the Loadbearing Substrate.	35	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Fig. 4: Charge Storage Coating between Nanotubes and Loadbearing Substrate	34	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Fig. 3: Multi-walled Nanotube Structure (concentric alignment and non-concentric alignment)	33	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Fig. 2: Single-walled Nanotube Structure	32	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Substrates such as HA, nanoparticles, or ionic metals could be added, and may potentially alter the electrical and structural properties of the MWCNTs.	43	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Charge Storing materials (e.g., carbon fibers and/or yarns) may be used as void fillers or may be positioned within the voids.	30	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	The one or more voids may be through the entire substrate, to a set depth from an outer surface, may comprise an internal structure of the implant, and/or a combination thereof. (Fig 5)	29	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	The implant may include one or more voids in the Substrate of the implant that may include, or be packed with, a biocompatible charge storing material, biodegradable charge storing material, bioabsorbable charge storing material.	28	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Charge storing material can be located on the implant surface and/or adjacent to, and/or in communication with the Implant.	27	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	A charge storing coating (one example being an elemental carbon coating) may be positioned on the implant substrate surface and/or between the Nanotube Structures and the Substrate, in between adjacent Nanotubes, adjacent to a bioactive material, and/or a combination thereof. (Fig 4)	26	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	One or more Substrate surfaces may be coated with an elemental carbon, such as graphene.	25	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Charge Storing	24	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Nanotube structures may be filled, or partially filled, with a drug, ionic metal, charge storing material, and/or bioabsorbable element(s) and/or molecule(s); examples include but are not limited to: small molecule therapeutic drugs, human growth factors, nucleic acids, proteins, F, Ag, Sr, Mg, Zn, and CO₃.	23	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Nanotube Structures may have a surface coating and/or nano-coating; examples include but are not limited to: collagen, HA, calcium phosphate, ionic metals, bioactive material(s), and/or bioabsorbable material(s).	22	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Nanotube structures may be positioned internal to, or within, a loadbearing substrate and/or contained within a non-loadbearing element, such as a loadbearing substrate.	21	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	Between the MWCNT lining the inner (and/or outer) surface of the cage would be a layer of Graphene, which could be modified with material (e.g., HA). This would allow storage of a charge which would later be conducted through the MWCNTs and increase surface area for cellular migration and attachment.	54	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	The attached paper on CNT …[indicates]… that they generated 48 mC/m2. …The ability of graphene not only to hold charge being very large [and] it can also be tailored with other materials which could allow more charge density (ceramics like HA and / or growth molecules). …	64	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	I reviewed the titanium nanotube paper and found this to be very interesting. …The process of making the TNT (titanium nanotubes) is a chemical heat processing …After the TNT is built it is then exposed to electrical charge to build charge density on the fibers. Either way the fibers worked better in-line, but it revolves around their ability to act as capacitors. …They have been comparing the ability of TNT to hold up to 4X more charge than currently investigated ceramics (e.g., HA). The paper demonstrated significantly enhanced bone growth and differentiation over the charged TNT than noncharged TNT. The induced charge was 37.15+/- 14 mC/cm2. The calculated storage charge was 0.97 mF/cm2 (close to reported literature for supercapacitor-based applications). So TNT stores charge better than ceramics. The higher specific surface area of the TNT that aids in higher contact area as well as ordered array of the TNT which may reduce the disturbance from inter particle connections. This provides direct contact for electron transfer. …It was also interesting that they demonstrated no toxicity due to TNT.	63	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	INS-4PROV	I hope everyone is doing well and I want to thank you guys for your interest in this concept. … This opens the technology that has potentially vast applications. …It appears that there are several ways to generate (fabricate) CNT, but vaporization process is common. This process uses a metal ion (usually copper) and seems to be the most productive and economic process.	62	Added by DJM 7 2021	7/2/21, 12:00 AM

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