Dave's PCF WIP: Paragraphs

Paragraphs

Actions	Application	Content	Paragraph Number	Notes	Modified
		Content		Paragraph Number	Notes	Any Field
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	FIG. 4 is an anterior view of a natural articular surface of a bone. The bone may be a first metatarsal 110 and the natural articular surface maybe the natural articular surface 260 of the head of the first metatarsal 110. In this example, the natural articular surface 260 includes an osteochondral lesion (OCL) 350. As used herein, an "osteochondral lesion" (OCL) is a lesion within the cartilage covering at least a portion of a bone at a joint. As used herein, a “lesion" refers to any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by disease or trauma. (Search "lesion" on Wikipedia.com 20 Oct. 2021. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Accessed Dec. 1, 2021.)	74	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The transosseous coupler 320 serves to couple an implant 310 to a bone. The transosseous coupler 320 may create a direct coupling or an indirect coupling by way of one or more other components or structures. The direct coupling or an indirect coupling may be between the transosseous coupler 320 and the implant 310, between the transosseous coupler 320 and the bone, and/or between the implant 310 and a structure coupled to bone. The transosseous coupler 320 can have a variety of shapes, come in different sizes, be made of different materials or combinations of materials (i.e., composites or alloys), and/or a variety of different designs.	62	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The terms “suture” and/or “suture strand” are used herein to mean any strand or flexible member, natural or synthetic, able to joint tissue of a patient and/or to be anchored in a bone tunnel or to hard tissue and useful in a surgical procedure. In certain embodiments, “suture” and/or “suture strand” refers to a flexible line or flexible member of natural material, natural biological material, biomaterial, biomimetic materials, manmade material, or a combination of these either in a single structure, a composite structure, or a plurality of tissue structures that extend in parallel and/or may be woven or bonded together. In certain embodiments, a suture may be long and thin. In certain embodiments, a suture may be planar or may be elastic or inelastic. Examples of a suture include, but are not limited to, a thread, a suture, suture tape, a woven structure, a fibrous material, a cord, and/or any of these in combination with each other, and the like.	61	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	In certain embodiments, the implant 310 and/or the joint-facing articular surface 312 may be a structure different from a rigid structure. For example, in one embodiment, the joint-facing articular surface 312 may be a suture ball. A suture ball is generally a length of suture material gathered into collection of loops, lengths, bends, and/or twists of one or more lengths of suture such that the collection covers a particular area and may resemble a ball shape. In certain embodiments, a suture ball may be a knotless suture in which one or more ends of the knotless suture may be pulled and thereby cause the knotless suture to bunch up or cinch up into a collection of loops, lengths and bends and twists. An implant 310 embodied as a suture ball may have less coefficient of friction than an implant 310 with a rigid joint-facing articular surface 312. Further, implant 310 embodied as a suture ball may be softer than an implant 310 with a rigid joint-facing articular surface 312.	60	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	In one embodiment, the implant 310 includes a joint-facing articular surface 312. A joint-facing articular surface 312 is a surface that faces a joint, such as MTP joint 250. The joint-facing articular surface 312 can replace at least part of a natural articular surface of a bone adjacent to a joint. For example, in FIG. 1, the joint-facing articular surface 312 may replace at least part of the natural articular surface 260 of the first metatarsal 110 in an MTP joint 250. Of course, the implant 310 may be deployed on any articular surface of a joint of the patient. In certain embodiments, the joint-facing articular surface 312 is a smooth surface that minimizes friction between the joint-facing articular surface 312 and other articular surfaces of a joint. The size of the joint-facing articular surface 312 may vary according to the needs of the patient. In certain embodiments, the joint-facing articular surface 312 is sized to be just larger in diameter than a lesion or other area of the natural articular surface 260 being replaced. In other embodiments, the joint-facing articular surface 312 is as large in diameter or greater in diameter than the natural articular surface 260.	59	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The implant 310 serves to provide a structure that can be used to replace at least a portion of a natural articular surface of a bone (i.e., natural articular surface 260). The implant 310 can have a variety of shapes, come in different sizes, be made of different materials or combinations of materials (i.e., composites or alloys), and/or a variety of different designs.	58	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a system 300 for use on a foot joint according to one embodiment. The system 300 includes an implant 310, a transosseous coupler 320, and a bone anchor 330.	57	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The MTP joint 250 includes an articular surface of the first metatarsal 110, an articular surface of the first proximal phalanx 130, and one or more layers of cartilage (not shown). In certain embodiments, the articular surface of the first metatarsal 110 is a natural articular surface 260 and the articular surface of the first proximal phalanx 130 is also a natural articular surface 270. Of course either surface (260, 270) or both surfaces (260, 270) can be artificial articular surfaces. "Articular surface" refers to a surface of a structure that is coupled to, and may cooperate with, other structures of a joint of a human or animal to enable movement of structures of the joint. A natural articular surface is an articular surface created as part of natural, or human facilitated, cellular growth and development of bones of a patient.	56	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	For sake of clarity, while embodiments can be used on other joints of a patient, this disclosure will describe embodiments with respect to the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure will not and are not limited to those use and implementation in the MTP joint alone and that embodiments of the disclosed solution can be used in one or more other joints of a patient. The metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint is a joint between a metatarsal and a proximal phalangeal bone (phalanx) of a toe of the foot. More specifically, this disclosure will focus on exemplary embodiments that can be used on the MTP joint 250 between the first metatarsal 110 and the first proximal phalanx 130.	55	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The first metatarsal 110 includes a proximal end 180 (also referred to as a base), a distal end 190 (also referred to as a head), and a body 200 that connects the proximal end 180 and the distal end 190. The body 200 includes a dorsal surface 210, a plantar surface 220, a medial surface 230, and a lateral surface 240.	54	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	Examples of fasteners include, but are not limited to screws, rivets, bolts, nails, snaps, hook and loop, set screws, bone screws, nuts, posts, pins, thumb screws, and the like. Other examples of fasteners include, but are not limited to wires, Kirschner wires (K-wire), anchors, bone anchors, plates, bone plates, intramedullary nails or rods or pins, implants, sutures, soft sutures, soft anchors, tethers, interbody cages, fusion cages, and the like. In certain embodiments, the term fastener may refer to a fastener system that includes two or more structures configured to combine to serve as a fastener.	84	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The connector 630 illustrates and alternative embodiment of connector 530. However, the connector 630 may serve the same purpose as the connector 530: to connect the implant 600 to a coupler such as a transosseous coupler 320, a tether, a suture, or the like. In the illustrated embodiment, the connector 630 includes a plurality of openings 634. In one embodiment, one end of a coupler can be threaded through one or more of the plurality of openings 634 to connect the coupler to the implant 600.	94	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	In certain embodiments, the implant 600 may include a lip 616 that extends from the body 610. The lip 616 may connect to the body 610 and include a posterior surface and joint-facing surface that each match the contour of the respective, posterior surface 614 and joint-facing articular surface 612. The lip 616 may serve to extend an articular surface of a bone such that the lip 616 serves as the articular surface of the bone when the joint is in flexion approaching approximately 90 degrees of flexion.	93	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	FIGS. 7A-7D illustrate a perspective view, a bottom view, a perspective side view, and a top view, respectively of an implant 600 according to one embodiment. The embodiment of these figures is but one example of a variety of different implants and/or implant configurations that can be used with the present disclosure. The implant 600 may include a body 610, and edge 620, and a connector 630. The body 610 may include a joint-facing articular surface 612 and a posterior surface 614. The posterior surface 614 may contact a resurfaced version of the natural articular surface 260 and may include a coating of an osseointegration material such as hydroxyapatite (HA) or other naturally occurring and biocompatible substances configured to promote osseointegration. The coating may result in the posterior surface 614 fusing with a resurfaced articular surface of the distal end 190 of the bone (e.g., first metatarsal 110). The body 610 may be shaped such that the posterior surface 614 is concave and the joint-facing articular surface 612 is convex.	92	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	FIG. 6 illustrates an implant 600 with a different configuration from the implant 500. Patients may have a variety of conditions within the MTP joint 250 that can be addressed with embodiments of the present disclosure. In certain instances, a patient may present with an OCL that is smaller than the natural articular surface 260. In other instances, the condition of the natural articular surface 260 may be such that the whole natural articular surface 260 needs to be resurfaced. The implant 600 can be used in these instances. Generally, the implant 600 may be sized and configured to cover and/or replace a natural articular surface 260 of a bone.	91	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	FIG. 6 is a perspective side view of a system deployed on a foot joint according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 illustrates an MTP joint 250 between a first proximal phalanx 130 and a first metatarsal 110. In one embodiment, the first metatarsal 110 may include a bone tunnel 340. FIG. 6 includes similar components, parts, devices, apparatus, features, and aspects as those disclosed and described in relation to FIG. 3, however the difference in FIG. 6 is that the system uses an alternative embodiment of the implant.	90	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The implant 540 may be used in a variety of ways and can offer a variety of advantages for a particular use. For example, in one embodiment, the proximal body 560 and the distal body 550 may be made from different materials, each having different wear characteristics, strength, elasticity, and/or durability. In one embodiment, the proximal body 560 may be made from a metal or a metal alloy and the distal body 550 may be made from a polymer, a Synthetic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, a biomaterial, a biocompatible polymer such as PolyEther Ether Ketone (PEEK) or a polylactide polymer (e.g. PLLA), and/or others. The difference in attributes between the distal body 550 and the proximal body 560 may provide advantages in terms of cost, durability, wear, and/or the like.	89	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	The implant 540 may also include a fastener 570 configured to couple the distal body 550 to the proximal body 560. A variety of different fasteners can be used. In the illustrated embodiment, the fastener 570 includes a shaft 572 having external threads 574 and an opening 576 having internal threads 578 that correspond to the external threads 574.	88	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	FIG. 5E is a perspective exploded view of an implant 540 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5E includes similar components, parts, devices, apparatus, features, and aspects as those disclosed and described in relation to FIGS. 5A-5D, however the difference in FIG. 5E is that the body includes a distal body 550 and a proximal body 560. The distal body 550 may include a convex distal surface similar, in certain embodiments, to the joint-facing articular surface 512 of implant 500. The proximal body 560 may include a semispherical proximal surface similar, in certain embodiments, to the posterior surface 514 of implant 500. Of course, the surfaces of the distal body 550 and proximal body 560 may be very different from those of other example embodiments included herein.	87	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	VIL-12	In the illustrated embodiment, the connector 530 includes cut outs 532a,b and an opening 534. The cut outs 532a,b may facilitate aligning a coupler (e.g., a transosseous coupler 320) with a center of the implant 500. Those of skill in the art will recognize that the cut outs 532a,b may be optional and may or may not be included in an embodiment. The opening 534 may engage with the coupler to couple the implant 500 and the coupler. In the illustrated embodiment, the opening 534 extends from one cut out 532a to an opposite cut out 532b. In one embodiment, the coupler may be a tether and the connector 530 engages with the tether and secures the implant 500 to the tether. For example, one end of a tether may be passed through opening 534 and the tether may be tied into a knot to secure the tether to the implant 500.	86	Added by DJM 2 2022	2/5/22, 12:00 AM

Page 7 of 10, showing 20 record(s) out of 193 total