Dave's PCF WIP: Paragraphs

Paragraphs

Actions	Application	Content	Paragraph Number	Notes	Modified
		Content		Paragraph Number	Notes	Any Field
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	The electrical connection 806 serves as an electrical bridge joining the two graphite elements 804. Preferably, the electrical connection 806 also bridges a crease 220. The crease 220 facilitates folding the cover 800. Preferably, the crease 220 is positioned along the horizontal midpoint.	82	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	The small size and thickness of the graphite 810 minimizes the weight of the graphite element 804. The graphite element 804 is preferably pliable such that a graphite element 804 can be rolled lengthwise without breaking the electrical path through the graphite 810. Advantageously, the graphite element 804 can be manufactured separately and provided for installation into a cover 800 during manufacturing of the covers 800. For example, the graphite element 804 may come with electrical connections 806 and 802 directly from a supplier such as EGC Enterprises Incorp. of Chardon, Ohio. The graphite elements 804 may be laid on top of an outer cover 302. The electrical connections 802 may be made to power connections 212 and one or more electric power couplings 214. One graphite element 804 may be connected to a second graphite element 804 by an electrical connection 806.	81	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In certain embodiments, the graphite 810 may be between 1 thousandths of an inch thick and 40 thousandths of an inch thick. This range is preferred because within this thickness range the graphite 810 remains pliable and durable enough to withstand repeated rolling and unrolling as the cover 800 is unrolled for use and rolled up for storage.	80	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Preferably, the graphite element 804 converts electric energy to thermal energy in a substantially consistent manner throughout the graphite element. In such an embodiment, a heat spreading element 210 may be omitted from the thermal cover 800 since the graphite 810 serves the purposes of conveying current, producing heat due to resistance, and evenly distributing the heat. Advantageously, the graphite 810, substrate 812, and protective layer are very thin and light weight. In one embodiment, the combination of graphite 810, substrate 812, and protective layer forming the graphite element 804 may be between about 3 and about 20 thousandths of an inch thick. Preferably, the graphite 810 is between about one inch wide and about 10 inches wide and and between about 1 thousandths of an inch thick and about 40 thousandths of an inch thick. In a more preferred embodiment, the graphite 810 is about 9 inches wide and about five thousandths of an inch thick.	79	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the thin-film electrical heating element 804 may comprise a thin layer of graphite 810, deposited on a structural substrate 812. A protective layer (not shown) may be applied to cover the layer of graphite 810. The protective layer may adhere to, or be heat welded to, the substrate. In one embodiment, the graphite may be deposited on plastic, vinyl, rubber, metal foil, or the like. In one embodiment, the graphite element 804 may be integrated with the insulation layer 304. The graphite may be connected to a contact terminal for providing electric energy to the graphite element.	78	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	FIG. 8 illustrates another embodiment of a modular heated cover 800. In one embodiment, the thermal cover 800 includes the multilayered cover 200 comprising a top outer layer 302, a bottom outer layer 306, and an insulation layer 304. However, this alternative embodiment includes one or more integrated thin-film electrical heating elements 804. This embodiment additionally includes an electrical connection 802 for connecting the power plug 212 to the electrical heating element 804. Additionally, an electrical connection 806 may be included to connect multiple electrical heating elements 804 within a single cover 800. Additionally, the cover 800 may include power connectors 212, 214, power connections 216, fasteners 206, folding crease 220, and the like.	77	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the thermal cover 700 may additionally include a power connection 714 between the 120V power line, and one 120V phase of the 240V power line. In certain embodiments, the connection 714 provides power to a first active electrical heating element 716 when the 240V power connector 704 is plugged in. In one embodiment, the 240V power connector 704 may additionally provide power to a second active electrical heating element 718. The 120V power connector 702 may provide power to the first active electrical heating element 716, but not the second active electrical heating element 718. For example, if the 120V power connector 702 is connected to a power source, only the first active electrical heating element 716 is powered. However, if the 240V power connector 704 is connected to a power source, both the first active electrical heating element 716, and the second active electrical heating element 718 are powered. In this example, the first active electrical heating element 716 is powered by the 240V connector through the power connection 714.	76	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	FIG. 7 illustrates one embodiment of a modular heated cover 700. In one embodiment, the thermal cover 700 includes one or more 120V plug connectors 702, one or more 240V plug connectors 704, one or more 120V receptacle connectors 706, and one or more 240V receptacle connectors 708. Additionally, the thermal cover 700 may include one or more power bus connections 710 for a 120V power connection, and one or more power bus connections 712 for a 240V power connection.	75	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	The powered lines of both the 120V plug 602 and the 240V plug 604 may be connected to a directional power diode to isolate the power provided from the other plug. Alternatively, a power transistor, mechanical switch, or the like may be used in the place of the directional power diode to provide power isolation to the plugs. In another embodiment, the both the 120V plug 602, and the 240V plug 604 may include waterproof caps (not shown). In one embodiment, the caps (not shown) may include a power terminating device for safety.	74	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Beneficially, the apparatus 600 provides high versatility for power connections, provides variable heat intensity levels, and the like. For example, the first active electrical heating element 608 and the second active electrical heating element 610 may be configured within the thermal cover 200 at a spacing of four inches. In one embodiment, the first active electrical heating element 608 and the second active electrical heating element 610 connect to a hot and a neutral power line. The electrical heating elements may be positioned within the thermal cover 200 in a serpentine configuration, an interlocking finger configuration, a coil configuration, or the like. When the 120V plug 602 is connected, only the first active electrical heating element 608 is powered. When the 240V plug 604 is connected, both the first active electrical heating element 608 and the second active electrical heating element 610 are powered. Therefore, the resulting effective spacing of the electrical heating elements is only four inches.	73	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Additionally, the first outer layer may be positioned on the top of the thermal cover and colored to absorb heat energy, and the second outer layer may be positioned on the bottom of the thermal cover and colored to retain heat energy beneath the thermal cover. In one embodiment, the thermal insulation layer is integrated with one of the first outer layer and the second outer layer. Additionally, the outer layers may be sealed together to form a water resistant envelope around the thermal insulation layer and electrical heating element.	13	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In certain embodiments, the system may include a temperature controller coupled to the electrical heating element and configured to sense a temperature value and control the power supplied to the electrical heating element in response to the temperature value. Additionally, the thermal cover may further comprise an air isolation flap configured to overlap with a second modular actively heated thermal cover.	24	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	The system may further include multiple power couplings positioned at distributed points on the thermal cover for convenience in coupling multiple thermal covers. Additionally, the system may include one or more power extension cords configured to convey sufficient electrical current to power the electrical heating element of the modular actively heated thermal covers. In a further embodiment, the thermal cover may further comprise one or more 120 V power couplings, one or more 240 V power couplings, wherein a portion of the electrical heating element is isolated from the power source when the 120 V power coupling is connected.	23	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	A system of the present invention is also presented for heating a surface. The system may include a power source configured to supply a predetermined electrical current. Preferably, the power source is a conventional 120 Volt circuit protected by up to about a 20 Amp breaker. Additionally, the system may include one or more modular actively heated thermal covers similar to the modular heated covers described above. In certain embodiments, the system also includes an electrical power plug for obtaining electrical energy from the power source, and an electrical power socket for conveying electrical energy from a first modular actively heated thermal cover to a second modular actively heated thermal cover.	22	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	The thermal cover may additionally comprise a Ground Fault interrupter (GFI) device. In certain embodiments, the thermal cover may further include a crease configured to facilitate folding of the thermal cover.	21	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In certain embodiments, the thermal cover is substantially rectangular in shape, and the heat spreading element substantially covers the area of the thermal cover. In a further embodiment, the resistive element and the planar heat spreading element are integrated. Additionally, the heat spreading element may be thermally isotropic in the horizontal plane.	20	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In one embodiment, the top layer is further configured to resist sun rot. Additionally, the top and bottom layers comprise rugged material configured to withstand outdoor use. The thermal cover may be configured to generate and evenly distribute between about 2 Watts per square foot and about 4 Watts per square foot with the power source providing about 6 to 10 Amps and about 120 Volts. Additionally, the thermal cover may be configured to maintain temperatures suitable for curing concrete between 50 degrees Fahrenheit and 90 degrees Fahrenheit in freezing ambient conditions.	19	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	Alternative embodiments of the modular heated cover may include a top layer and a bottom layer, wherein the top and bottom layers provide durable protection in an outdoor environment, a resistive element between the top and the bottom layers for converting electric current to heat energy, a planar heat spreading element in contact with the resistive element for distributing the heat energy generated by the resistive element, an air isolation flap configured to prevent heat loss to air circulation, an electrical power connection for obtaining electrical energy from a power source, and an electric power coupling for conveying electrical energy from a first modular heated cover to a second modular heated cover.	18	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In an additional embodiment, the thermal cover further comprises an air isolation flap configured to retain heated air beneath the thermal cover. Preferably, the heated air maintains a temperature between about 50 degrees and about 90 degrees. Additionally, the thermal cover may comprise fasteners disposed about the perimeter of the heated thermal cover for securing the thermal cover in a predetermined location. In one embodiment, the layers of the thermal cover are pliable.	17	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM
View Edit Delete	US7230213A1	In certain embodiments, the electrical heating element is pliable and comprises a resistive element for converting electric current to heat energy. The resistive element may be disposed between a protective layer and a substrate. The resistive element may be disposed on the substrate according to a pattern configured to evenly distribute heat from the resistive element throughout the substrate. The surface area of the pliable electrical heating element may be between about one square foot and about 253 square feet	16	Added by DJM 2 2021	2/22/21, 12:00 AM

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