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As used herein, a “thread” or "screw thread" refers to a helical structure used to convert between rotational and linear movement or force and/or to connect or engage two structures. A screw thread can be a ridge that wraps around a cylinder in the form of a helix, referred to as a straight thread. A screw thread can also be a ridge that wraps around a cone shape, referred to as a tapered thread. A screw thread is a feature of a screw as a simple machine and also in use as a threaded fastener. A screw thread can provide one or both of the following functions: conversion of rotary motion or force into linear motion or force, and preventing or mitigating linear motion or force without corresponding rotation motion or force. In certain implementations of screw threads that convert a rotation force or torque into linear motion, or vice versa, the screw threads may be referred to as drive threads because of the drive function rotating the threads serves to extend or retract a structure linearly. External screw threads are those formed on an external surface of a structure, such as a cylinder or cone shaped structure. Internal screw threads are those formed on an internal wall or surface of a nut, substrate, or opening. The cross-sectional shape of a thread is often called its form or threadform (also spelled thread form). The thread form may be square, triangular, trapezoidal, or other shapes. The terms form and threadform can refer to other design aspects taken together (cross-sectional shape, pitch, and diameters) in addition to cross-sectional shape, but commonly refer to the standardized geometry used by the screw. Major categories of threads include machine threads, material threads, and power threads. Generally, triangular threadforms are based on an isosceles triangle. These threadforms are usually called V-threads or vee-threads because of the shape of the letter V. For 60° V-threads, the isosceles triangle is, more specifically, equilateral. For buttress threads, the triangle is scalene. The theoretical triangle shape for the thread form can be truncated to varying degrees (that is, the tip of the triangle is cut short). A V-thread in which there is no truncation (or a minuscule amount considered negligible) is called a sharp V-thread. Truncation occurs (and is codified in standards) for practical reasons. The mechanical advantage of a screw thread depends on its lead, which is the linear distance the screw travels in one revolution. In general, the lead of a screw thread may be selected so that friction is sufficient to prevent linear motion or force from being converted to rotary, that is so the screw does not slip or disengage even when linear force is applied, as long as no external rotational force is present. A “length of thread engagement” refers to a distance that one set of threads (external or internal) engages another set of one or more threads (external or internal). The tightening of a fastener's screw thread is comparable to driving a wedge into a gap until the wedge sticks fast through friction and slight elastic deformation. (Search 'screw thread' on Wikipedia.com July 16, 2021. Modified. Accessed Aug. 17, 2021.)

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<w:p w14:paraId="35AF4595" w14:textId="0EBB1CBE" w:rsidR="00836C18" w:rsidRPr="00041F8F" w:rsidRDefault="00836C18" w:rsidP="004A5D6D"><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val="TPSBody1"/><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Calibri" w:hAnsi="Calibri" w:cs="Calibri"/></w:rPr></w:pPr><w:r w:rsidRPr="00041F8F"><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Calibri" w:hAnsi="Calibri" w:cs="Calibri"/></w:rPr><w:t xml:space="preserve">As used herein, a “thread” or "screw thread" refers to a helical structure used to convert between rotational and linear movement or force and/or to connect or engage two structures. A screw thread can be a ridge that wraps around a cylinder in the form of a helix, referred to as a straight thread. A screw thread can also be a ridge that wraps around a cone shape, referred to as a tapered thread. A screw thread is a feature of a screw as a simple machine and also in use as a threaded fastener. A screw thread can provide one or both of the following functions: conversion of rotary motion or force into linear motion or </w:t></w:r><w:proofErr w:type="gramStart"/><w:r w:rsidRPr="00041F8F"><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Calibri" w:hAnsi="Calibri" w:cs="Calibri"/></w:rPr><w:t>force, and</w:t></w:r><w:proofErr w:type="gramEnd"/><w:r w:rsidRPr="00041F8F"><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Calibri" w:hAnsi="Calibri" w:cs="Calibri"/></w:rPr><w:t xml:space="preserve"> preventing or mitigating linear motion or force without corresponding rotation motion or force. In certain implementations of screw threads that convert a rotation force or torque into linear motion, or vice versa, the screw threads may be referred to as drive threads because of the drive function rotating the threads serves to extend or retract a structure linearly. External screw threads are those formed on an external surface of a structure, such as a cylinder or cone shaped structure. Internal screw threads are those formed on an internal wall or surface of a nut, substrate, or opening. The cross-sectional shape of a thread is often called its form or threadform (also spelled thread form). The thread form may be square, triangular, trapezoidal, or other shapes. The terms form and threadform can refer to other design aspects taken together (cross-sectional shape, pitch, and diameters) in addition to cross-sectional shape, but commonly refer to the standardized geometry used by the screw. Major categories of threads include machine threads, material threads, and power threads. Generally, triangular threadforms are based on an isosceles triangle. These threadforms are usually called V-threads or vee-threads because of the shape of the letter V. For 60° V-threads, the isosceles triangle is, more specifically, equilateral. For buttress </w:t></w:r><w:r w:rsidRPr="00041F8F"><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Calibri" w:hAnsi="Calibri" w:cs="Calibri"/></w:rPr><w:lastRenderedPageBreak/><w:t>threads, the triangle is scalene. The theoretical triangle shape for the thread form can be truncated to varying degrees (that is, the tip of the triangle is cut short). A V-thread in which there is no truncation (or a minuscule amount considered negligible) is called a sharp V-thread. Truncation occurs (and is codified in standards) for practical reasons. The mechanical advantage of a screw thread depends on its lead, which is the linear distance the screw travels in one revolution. In general, the lead of a screw thread may be selected so that friction is sufficient to prevent linear motion or force from being converted to rotary, that is so the screw does not slip or disengage even when linear force is applied, as long as no external rotational force is present. A “length of thread engagement” refers to a distance that one set of threads (external or internal) engages another set of one or more threads (external or internal). The tightening of a fastener's screw thread is comparable to driving a wedge into a gap until the wedge sticks fast through friction and slight elastic deformation. (Search 'screw thread' on Wikipedia.com July 16, 2021. Modified. Accessed Aug. 17, 2021.)</w:t></w:r></w:p>