{
    "matter": "NXT-5PROV NXT-5, 6, 7, 8",
    "document_type": "Patent terminology definitions",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "term": "adapter",
            "definition": "As used herein, “adapter” refers to a device, component, system, assembly, or structure, that is organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to convert or convey attributes, features, or functions of one device, component, or structure, for use with an otherwise incompatible device, component, system, assembly, or structure. (Search \"adapter\" on Wikipedia.com May 13, 2021. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Modified. Accessed July 27, 2021.) An adapter may include one or more modifiers that identify one or more particular functions, attributes, advantages, uses, purposes, or operations and/or particular structures relating to the adapter. Examples of such modifiers applied to a feature, include, but are not limited to, \"offset adapter,\" \"accessibility adapter,\" \"accommodation adapter,\" \"detour adapter,\" \"routing adapter,\" \"rerouting adapter,\" and the like."
        },
        {
            "term": "axle",
            "definition": "\"Axle\" refers to a pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel. An axle may also refer to a transverse bar or shaft connecting the opposite wheels or parts of a vehicle or other apparatus. (Search \"axle\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 9 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "ball",
            "definition": "\"Ball\" refers to a solid or hollow sphere, or part thereof. (Search \"ball\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 9 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "bend",
            "definition": "“Bend” refers to an angled or curved structure, or a part or a portion of a structure, that changes an orientation of the structure. The structure that includes the bend can be a pipe, a tube, a cable, a hose, a sheet, a path, an opening, a portal, a building, a road, or the like. Typically, a bend changes an orientation of the structure at an angle between 0 and 180 degrees or between 180 degrees and 360 degrees along a longitudinal axis of the structure. The structure can include a single bend or a plurality of bends."
        },
        {
            "term": "composite",
            "definition": "\"Composite\" refers to an object or structure made up of several parts and/or elements. Typically, a composite is a single structure or object that includes the several parts and/or elements. (Search \"composite\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified Accessed 4 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "composition",
            "definition": "\"Composition\" refers to a compound artificial substance or material. Generally, a composition is a man-made material that is a composite of more than one material and/or element. Typically, a composition is a single structure or object that includes the several parts and/or elements. (Search \"composition\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified Accessed 4 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "coupling, coupling member, or coupler",
            "definition": "As used herein, the terms “Coupling,” “Coupling Member,” and “Coupler” refer to one or more devices, components, members, interfaces, assemblies, structures, or combinations thereof that may connect, secure, attach, engage, retain, join, or otherwise facilitate coupling between two or more components, objects, assemblies, or structures. A coupler may provide a direct coupling between structures or an indirect coupling through one or more intermediate components or structures. A coupler may provide a fixed, movable, adjustable, removable, releasable, temporary, or permanent coupling and may permit or constrain relative movement between coupled structures. In certain embodiments, a coupler may be rigid, semi-rigid, flexible, semiflexible, pliable, elastic, resilient, articulated, or otherwise configured. A coupler may include, for example, one or more clamps, brackets, fasteners, hooks, catches, latches, pins, bolts, screws, straps, receivers, engagement members, connectors, interlocking structures, mounting interfaces, or the like. In certain embodiments, a coupler may engage an existing vehicle structure, mounting structure, or attachment feature."
        },
        {
            "term": "cross-sectional configuration",
            "definition": "\"Cross-sectional configuration\" refers to a configuration of a cross-section of a device, apparatus, structure, or object. A cross-sectional configuration may include openings, passages, voids, struts, braces, ridges, rails, and/or edges organized to implement a particular cross-sectional configuration."
        },
        {
            "term": "deploy or deployment",
            "definition": "As used herein, a “deploy” or \"deployment\" refers to an act, action, process, system, method, means, or apparatus for inserting an implant or prosthesis into or onto a part, body part, and/or patient. “Deploy” or \"deployment\" can also refer to an act, action, process, system, method, means, or apparatus for placing something into therapeutic use. A device, system, component, medication, drug, compound, or nutrient may be deployed by a human operator, a mechanical device, an automated system, a computer system or program, a robotic system, or the like."
        },
        {
            "term": "epicondyle",
            "definition": "\"Epicondyle\" refers to a rounded eminence on a bone that lies upon a condyle. Examples of epicondyles in humans include, but are not limited to, medial epicondyle of the femur, lateral epicondyle of the femur, medial epicondyle of the humerus, and lateral epicondyle of the humerus. (Search 'epicondyle' on Wikipedia.com Nov 27, 2018. Modified. Accessed Aug. 1, 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "epiphyses, metaphysis, diaphysis",
            "definition": "\"Epiphyses\" refers to the rounded end of a long bone, at long bone's joint with adjacent bone(s). Between the epiphysis and diaphysis (the long midsection of the long bone) lies the metaphysis, including the epiphyseal plate (growth plate). At the joint, the epiphysis is covered with articular cartilage; below that covering is a zone similar to the epiphyseal plate, known as subchondral bone. (Search 'epiphysis' on Wikipedia.com 17 June 2022. Modified. Accessed Aug. 1, 2022.)\r\n\r\n\"Metaphysis\" refers to the neck portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis. The metaphysis contains the growth plate, the part of the bone that grows during childhood, and as the metaphysis grows the metaphysis ossifies near the diaphysis and the epiphyses. (Search 'metaphysis' on Wikipedia.com 17 June 2022. Modified. Accessed Aug. 1, 2022.)\r\n\r\n\"Diaphysis\" refers to the main or midsection (shaft) of a long bone. The diaphysis is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat). The diaphysis is a middle tubular part composed of compact bone which surrounds a central marrow cavity which contains red or yellow marrow. In diaphysis, primary ossification occurs. (Search 'diaphysis' on Wikipedia.com 17 June 2022. Modified. Accessed Aug. 1, 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "extender",
            "definition": "As used herein, an \"extender\" or \"extension\" refers to an apparatus, instrument, structure, device, component, member, system, assembly, or module structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to extend or continue providing one or more features, functions, attributes, characteristics, and/or advantages of a first structure associated with the extender. An extender can include a coupling, connector, or connection feature that enables the extender to connect to, communicate with, or interact with the first structure. An extender or extension may be made from a variety of materials including, but not limited to, metal, plastic, ceramic, wood, fiberglass, acrylic, carbon, biocompatible materials, biodegradable materials or the like. An \"extender\" or \"extension\" may be formed of any biocompatible materials, including but not limited to biocompatible metals such as Titanium, Titanium alloys, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-chromium steel alloys, nickel-titanium alloys, shape memory alloys such as Nitinol, biocompatible ceramics, and biocompatible polymers such as Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or a polylactide polymer (e.g. PLLA) and/or others, or any combination of these materials."
        },
        {
            "term": "extensive property",
            "definition": "\"Extensive property\" refers to a physical property of a material, structure, object, and/or system. physical properties of materials and systems can be categorized as being either intensive or extensive, according to how the property changes when the size (or extent) of the system changes. According to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), an intensive quantity is one whose magnitude is independent of the size of the system, whereas an extensive quantity is one whose magnitude is additive for subsystems. An intensive property does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system. An intensive property is not necessarily homogeneously distributed in space; an intensive property can vary from place to place in a body of matter and radiation. Examples of intensive properties include temperature, T; refractive index, n; density, ρ; and hardness of an object, η. By contrast, extensive properties such as the mass, volume and entropy of systems are additive for subsystems. An intensive property is a physical quantity whose value does not depend on the amount of substance which was measured. An extensive property is a physical quantity whose value is proportional to the size of the system it describes, to the quantity of matter in the system, and/or that is dependent on the material and its shape and boundary conditions. For example, the mass of a sample is an extensive quantity; it depends on the amount of substance. The related intensive quantity is the density which is independent of the amount. (Search \"intensive and extensive properties\" and \"stiffness\" on Wikipedia.com July 24, 2022. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Accessed July 26, 2022. Modified.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "femur",
            "definition": "\"Femur\", \"femurs\", \"femora\", or \"thigh bone\" refers to a long bone in the body of a patient (e.g., human or animal). The femur is the proximal bone of the hindlimb in tetrapod vertebrates. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum in the pelvic bone forming the hip joint, while the distal part of the femur articulates with the tibia (shinbone) and patella (kneecap), forming the knee joint. By most measures the two (left and right) femurs are the strongest bones of the body, and in humans, the largest and thickest. The femur is categorized as a long bone and comprises a diaphysis (shaft or body) and two epiphyses (extremities) that articulate with adjacent bones in the hip and knee.\r\nThe femur includes an upper part (proximal part), body, and a lower part (distal part). The upper part includes the head, neck, the two trochanters and adjacent structures. The body of the femur (or shaft) is large, thick and almost cylindrical in form. The lower part or lower extremity of the femur (or distal extremity) is the thickest femoral extremity, the upper extremity (upper part) is the shortest femoral extremity. The lower part is somewhat cuboid in form, but its transverse diameter is greater than its antero-posterior (front to back). The lower part includes two oblong eminences known as the condyles. (Search 'femur' on Wikipedia.com May 20, 2022. Modified. Accessed Aug. 1, 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "insufficient",
            "definition": "\"Insufficent\" refers to an amount of any quantity, attribute, aspect, characteristic, feature, function, and/or functionality that fails to meet a need, purpose, objective, metric, and/or goal. Insufficient is generally the opposite of sufficient. (Search \"sufficent\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified Accessed 4 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "interference",
            "definition": "\"Interference\" refers to an action by an object, person, animal, plant, or structure that impedes, blocks, interrupts, stops, and/or prevents the operation, movement, function, and/or deployment of another object, person, animal, plant, or structure."
        },
        {
            "term": "intramedullary nail",
            "definition": "\"Intramedullary nail\" refers to a fastener designed, configured, engineered, and/or adapted to be deployed within an intramedullary cavity or canal of a patient. An intramedullary nail can be rigid or flexible, modular, a single unitary piece, part of a system, and/or part of an assembly. An intramedullary nail may be formed of any biocompatible materials, including but not limited to biocompatible metals such as Titanium, Titanium alloys, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-chromium steel alloys, nickel-titanium alloys, shape memory alloys such as Nitinol, biocompatible ceramics, and biocompatible polymers such as Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or a polylactide polymer (e.g. PLLA) and/or others."
        },
        {
            "term": "latch",
            "definition": "\"Latch\" refers to a type of mechanical fastener that joins two (or more) objects or surfaces while allowing for their regular separation. A latch may engage another piece of hardware on a mounting surface. Depending upon the type and design of the latch, this engaged hardware may be referred to as a keeper or strike. (Search \"latch\" on Wikipedia.com Aug. 1, 2022. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Modified. Accessed Aug. 9, 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "long bone",
            "definition": "As used herein, a “long bone” refers to a bone of a patient having a length greater than a width of the bone. Long bone is one of five types of bones: long, short, flat, irregular and sesamoid. Long bones, especially the femur and tibia, can be subjected to most of the load during daily activities. Long bones grow primarily by elongation of the diaphysis, with an epiphysis at each end of the growing bone. The ends of epiphyses are covered with hyaline cartilage (\"articular cartilage\"). The longitudinal growth of long bones is a result of endochondral ossification at the epiphyseal plate. \r\n\r\nThe long bone category type includes the femur, tibia, and fibula of the legs; the humerus, radius, and ulna of the arms; metacarpals and metatarsals of the hands and feet, the phalanges of the fingers and toes, and the clavicles or collar bones in humans or other patients. The outside of the long bone consists of a layer of connective tissue called the periosteum. Additionally, the outer shell of the long bone is compact bone, then a deeper layer of cancellous bone (spongy bone) which includes a medullary cavity that includes bone marrow. (Search \"long bone\" on Wikipedia.com May 14, 2021. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Modified. Accessed July 26, 2021.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "nonunion",
            "definition": "\"Nonunion\" refers to a condition of a bone fracture in which the has not healed or shown radiographical signs of healing progression since a minimum of nine months have elapsed since the injury, i.e., no change in the fracture callus, for the final three months (i.e., six months to be considered a nonunion plus three additional months to verify that the nonunion is established). (Food and Drug Administration. \"Guidance Document for Industry and CDRH Staff for the Preparation of Investigational Device Exemptions and Premarket Approval Applications for Bone Growth Stimulator Devices.\" United Stated: Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration (1998). Modified.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "notch",
            "definition": "As used herein, “notch”  refers to a depression in a bone which often, provides stabilization to an adjacent articulating bone. Examples of a notch, include but are not limited to, trochlear notch on the ulna; radial notch of the ulna; suprasternal notch; mandibular notch, and femoral notch on distal end of a femur . (Hartline, Rosanna, \"7.6: Bone Markings\", shared under a CC-BY-NC-SA license. Modified. Accessed July 26, 2022 on this website https://bio.libretexts.org/)"
        },
        {
            "term": "periprosthetic",
            "definition": "As used herein, “periprosthetic” refers to a structure positioned in close relation to an implant. Periprosthetic can also be used as an adjective to describe a type of bone fracture. For example, a periprosthetic fracture is a fracture near or around an implant of prosthetic. (Search \"periprosthetic\" on Wikipedia.com Sept. 20, 2020. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Modified. Accessed July 26, 2021.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "pivot",
            "definition": "\"Pivot\" refers to a shaft or pin on which a mechanism turns or oscillates. (Search \"pivot\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Accessed 9 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "point",
            "definition": "\"Point\" refers to a mechanical device, apparatus, member, component, system, assembly, or structure having a larger diameter on one end than the diameter on the opposite end. In certain embodiments, a point has a proximal end connected or coupled to a base, shaft, and/or body and a distal end that is free. A point may have a variety of cross-sectional shapes including round, circular, square, oval, rectangular, and the like. In certain embodiments, a point may progressively taper from a larger diameter on one end to a small sharp end on an opposite end. Alternatively, a free end of a point may have a flat or angled end instead of a sharp tip."
        },
        {
            "term": "position",
            "definition": "\"Position\" refers to a place or location. (Search \"position\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 9 Aug. 2022.) Often, a position refers to a place or location of a first object in relation to a place or location of another object. One object can be positioned on, in, or relative to a second object. In addition, a position can refer to a place or location of a first object in relation to a place or location of another object in a virtual environment. For example, a model of one object can be positioned relative to a model of another object in a virtual environment such as a modeling software program."
        },
        {
            "term": "property",
            "definition": "As used herein, \"property\" refers to any attribute, characteristic, trait, element, aspect, quality, data value, setting, or feature of an object or thing."
        },
        {
            "term": "rigidty",
            "definition": "\"Rigidity\" refers to the quality or state of being rigid; want of pliability; the quality of resisting change of form; the amount of resistance with which a body opposes change of form. (Search \"rigidity\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Accessed 26 July 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "s shape",
            "definition": "\"S shape\" refers to any mechanical device, apparatus, body, base, protrusion, member, component, system, assembly, or structure having a shape that resembles or mimics or conforms to or matches one or more attributes of a letter \"S\". In certain embodiments, ends of a structure that has an S shape may bend back and over a center of the S shape. In other embodiments, ends of a structure that has an S shape may extend from a center of the S shape and may include one or more bends and/or one or more curves, but the ends may not necessarily bend back and over a center of the S shape. Said another way, a structure may have an S shape and the bend sections of the S shape, (e.g., in a letter S) may not double back on themselves."
        },
        {
            "term": "set",
            "definition": "\"Set\" refers to a collection of objects. A set can have zero or more objects in the collection. Generally, a set includes one or more objects in the collection."
        },
        {
            "term": "shaft",
            "definition": "As used herein, a \"shaft\" refers to a long narrow structure, device, component, member, system, or assembly that is structured, organized, configured, designed, arranged, or engineered to support and/or connect a structure, device, component, member, system, connected to each end of the shaft. A shaft can be hollow or solid. Typically, a shaft is configured to provide rigid support and integrity in view of a variety of forces including tensile force, compression force, torsion force, shear force, and the like. In addition, a shaft can be configured to provide rigid structural support and integrity in view of a loads including axial loads, torsional loads, transverse loads, and the like. A shaft may be oriented and function in a variety of orientations including vertical, horizontal, or any orientation between these and in two or three dimensions. A shaft may be made from a variety of materials including, but not limited to, metal, plastic, ceramic, wood, fiberglass, acrylic, carbon, biocompatible materials, biodegradable materials or the like. A shaft may be formed of any biocompatible materials, including but not limited to biocompatible metals such as Titanium, Titanium alloys, stainless steel, carbon fiber, combinations of carbon fiber and a metallic alloy, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-chromium steel alloys, nickel-titanium alloys, shape memory alloys such as Nitinol, biocompatible ceramics, and biocompatible polymers such as Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or a polylactide polymer (e.g. PLLA) and/or others, or any combination of these materials."
        },
        {
            "term": "similar or same as other like numbered parts",
            "definition": "Here is another example:\r\n\r\nFIGS. 2F, 2G illustrate a top view and a bottom view of an alternative embodiment for an intraoperative angle measurement apparatus, surgical device 200b. The surgical device 200b may have many structures, features, and functions, operations, and configuration similar or identical to those of the surgical device 200a described in relation to FIGS. 2A-2E, like parts are identified with the same reference numerals. Accordingly, the surgical device 200b may include a shaft 210, a housing 220, a head 240, a handle 250, and/or an electronic circuit 300 (See FIG. 3)."
        },
        {
            "term": "similar part in other figure",
            "definition": "This clause is a pretty good example.\r\nThe proximal extender 660 may have structures, features, and functions, operations, and configuration similar to that of the proximal extender 614 described in relation to FIG. 9A-9F and/or the proximal extender 640 described in relation to FIG. 10A-10D. Accordingly, the proximal extender 660 may include a proximal extender part 624/644, fastener openings 618, multi-position slot 642, a fixation feature 662, a neck section 650, neck openings 638, lips 632, and the like."
        },
        {
            "term": "socket",
            "definition": "\"Socket\" refers to an opening, hollow, or space into which a plug or other connecting part is designed to fit. (Search \"socket\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 9 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "stiffness",
            "definition": "\"Stiffness\" refers to the extent to which an object, structure, device, component, member, system, or assembly resists deformation in response to an applied force. It should be noted that the elastic modulus of a material is not the same as the stiffness of a component made from that material. Elastic modulus is a property of the constituent material; stiffness is a property of a structure or component of a structure, and hence stiffness is dependent upon various physical dimensions that describe that component. That is, the modulus is an intensive property of the material; stiffness, on the other hand, is an extensive property of the solid body, object, structure, device, component, member, system, or assembly that is dependent on the material and its shape and boundary conditions. (Search \"stiffness\" on Wikipedia.com May 11, 2022. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Accessed July 26, 2022. Modified.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "stress shielding",
            "definition": "\"Stress shielding\" refers to the reduction in bone density (osteopenia) as a result of removal of typical stress from the bone by an implant (for instance, the femoral component of a hip prosthesis). (Search \"stress shielding\" on Wikipedia.com March 6, 2022. CC-BY-SA 3.0 Accessed July 26, 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "sufficient",
            "definition": "\"Sufficient\" refers to enough of any quantity, attribute, aspect, characteristic, feature, function, and/or functionality to meet a need, purpose, objective, metric, and/or goal (Search \"sufficient\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified Accessed 4 Aug. 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "tab",
            "definition": "As used herein, “tab” refers to structure that extends or projects from another larger structure. A tab can be short and wide or long and thin. Typically, a tab is rigid and can include a degree of flexibility. Examples of a tab include a small flap or loop by which something may be grasped or pulled, a long thin projection that extends in one direction, a projection from a card or sheet, or the like. In certain embodiments, a tab can be an appendage or extension to another structure. (search \"tab\" on Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2021. Web. 27 July 2021. Modified.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "threads or thread",
            "definition": "\"Thread\" or \"threads\" refers to a helical structure used to convert between rotational and linear movement or force. A thread is a ridge wrapped around a cylinder or cone in the form of a helix, with the ridge wrapped around the cylinder being called a straight thread and the ridge wrapped around the cone called a tapered thread. Straight threads or tapered threads are examples of external threads, also referred to as male threads. Threads that a correspond to male threads are referred to as female threads and are formed within the inside wall of a matching hole, passage, or opening of a nut or substrate or other structure. A thread used with a fastener may be referred to as a screw thread and can be an important feature of a simple machine and also as a threaded fastener. The mechanical advantage of a threaded fastener depends on its lead, which is the linear distance the threaded fastener travels in one revolution. (Search 'screw thread' on Wikipedia.com July 17, 2022. Modified. Accessed Aug. 1, 2022.)"
        },
        {
            "term": "track",
            "definition": "\"Track\" refers to a physical course or way. (Search \"track\" on wordhippo.com. WordHippo, 2022. Web. Modified. Accessed 9 Aug. 2022.) In certain embodiments, a track is a structure configured to accept another object that can be moved to different positions, on, in, along, or within the track."
        },
        {
            "term": "wave shape or W shape",
            "definition": "\"Wave shape\" or \"W\" shape refers to any mechanical device, apparatus, body, base, protrusion, member, component, system, assembly, or structure having a shape that resembles or mimics or conforms to or matches one or more attributes of a letter \"W\" and/or of waves of a body of liquid such as, by example, waves of a sea, lake, ocean, or the like. The wave shape may include angles, bends, and or curves and may be partial or complete.  In other words, one or more parts of a structure may resemble, be shaped like, or conform to one or more parts of a \"W\" letter and/or a wave. The \"Wave shape\" or \"W\" shape may be observed from any side or perspective of the object or structure, including, but not limited to any cross-section of the object or structure."
        }
    ]
}